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Oil exports drive Nigeria’s current account surplus to $4.98bn

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Nigeria’s current account surplus rose sharply by 255.7 per cent quarter-on-quarter to $4.98bn in the first quarter of 2026, driven by higher crude oil, gas and refined petroleum exports, as well as a steep decline in petroleum product imports, according to the latest Balance of Payments report released by the Central Bank of Nigeria on Wednesday.

The apex bank, in its Q1 2026 Balance of Payments Highlights, stated that “provisional balance of payments statistics for Q1 2026 show a current account surplus of $4.98bn, which was higher than the $1.40bn and $3.41bn recorded in the preceding quarter (Q4 2025) and corresponding period (Q1 2025), respectively.”

The report showed that the current account surplus expanded by 255.71 per cent from the $1.40bn recorded in the fourth quarter of 2025 and was 46.04 per cent higher than the $3.41bn surplus posted in the corresponding period of 2025.

According to the CBN, the improvement was supported by increased earnings from crude oil exports, gas exports and refined petroleum product exports, alongside a significant reduction in refined petroleum product imports and lower net out-payments on the primary income account.

The report noted that crude oil export earnings rose to $8.11bn in Q1 2026 from $6.77bn in Q4 2025, while gas exports increased to $2.53bn from $2.24bn. Refined petroleum product exports also climbed to $2.37bn from $1.97bn during the period. At the same time, refined petroleum product imports plunged by 87.5 per cent to $0.31bn from $2.48bn in the preceding quarter.

A breakdown of the external sector data showed that the goods account, which is the largest component of the current account, recorded a surplus of $5.95bn in Q1 2026, compared with $1.77bn in Q4 2025 and $3.35bn in Q1 2025.

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The CBN said, “The goods account (a major sub-account in the current account) recorded a significantly higher surplus of $5.95bn in Q1 2026, as against $1.77bn and $3.35bn recorded in the preceding quarter and corresponding period of 2025.”

The stronger goods account position was underpinned by a rise in total exports to $15.49bn from $13.36bn in the previous quarter, largely due to higher crude oil and gas exports. Meanwhile, total imports fell to $9.54bn from $11.59bn, reflecting lower imports of refined petroleum products and non-oil goods.

Crude oil exports increased by 19.79 per cent quarter-on-quarter to $8.11bn, while gas exports rose by 12.95 per cent to $2.53bn. Refined petroleum product exports jumped by 20.3 per cent to $2.37bn. Non-oil exports also improved marginally by 4.62 per cent to $2.49bn.

On the import side, non-oil imports declined by 10.49 per cent to $7.85bn, while refined petroleum product imports dropped sharply to $0.31bn from $2.48bn. However, crude oil imports rose to $1.39bn from $0.34bn recorded in Q4 2025.

The report also showed mixed performances across other current account components. Net out-payments on services increased to $3.71bn from $3.32bn, driven largely by higher net debits in travel and other business services.

“The increase in net out-payments for services was largely due to increases in net debits in travel and other business services,” the bank stated.

The primary income deficit narrowed to $2.83bn from $3.27bn in the preceding quarter, reflecting lower dividend and interest payments to foreign investors. According to the report, “This was largely attributable to a decrease in out-payments (dividend and interest) to non-residents’ investments, mostly to direct investors.”

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The secondary income account surplus, which largely captures remittance inflows, declined to $5.57bn from $6.21bn. Personal transfers from Nigerians in the diaspora fell to $5.30bn from $5.72bn in Q4 2025.

Despite the stronger current account position, the financial account remained in a net borrowing position. The report showed that net borrowing increased to $2.51bn in Q1 2026 from $1.96bn in the previous quarter.

Portfolio investment inflows strengthened during the period, rising to $6.03bn from $5.27bn in Q4 2025, while direct investment inflows moderated slightly to $1.03bn from $1.11bn. Nigerian investments abroad recorded outflows of $0.20bn under direct investment assets and $0.26bn under portfolio assets.

The CBN attributed developments in the financial account to increased portfolio investment inflows, a marginal decline in direct investment inflows, accretion to external reserves, and increased acquisition of portfolio investment assets abroad by residents.

Further analysis of the balance of payments data showed that Nigeria recorded an overall balance of payments surplus of $2.38bn in Q1 2026, lower than the $2.67bn surplus achieved in Q4 2025. The stock of external reserves, however, rose significantly to $48.35bn at the end of March 2026 from $45.75bn at the end of December 2025.

The report also highlighted a deterioration in net errors and omissions, which widened to negative $7.49bn in Q1 2026 from negative $3.36bn in the preceding quarter.

The latest figures indicate that improvements in oil production, rising petroleum exports and reduced dependence on imported fuel continued to strengthen Nigeria’s external position during the first quarter, helping to offset weaker remittance inflows and higher service-related outflows.

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Dangote stops petrol sales to fuel importers

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The Dangote Petroleum Refinery has finally stopped the sale of Premium Motor Spirit (petrol) to major marketers importing petroleum products into Nigeria.

An official of the refinery confirmed this to our correspondent, saying the refinery would no longer sell petrol to those blending Dangote fuel with imported grades.

“We are not selling petrol to those who are importing, since they are trying to blend our high-quality products with their ultra-low-quality imported products,” the source said, pleading for anonymity because he was not permitted to speak with the press.

Another source told our correspondent that the refinery now prefers to sell its petrol to members of the Independent Petroleum Marketers Association of Nigeria and others not known for importing. “We are selling to independent marketers and others who are not importing,” he stated.

It was learnt that the development informed why some marketers went to court to get an order that the Nigerian Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Authority should continue to grant them import licences.

The marketers feared that they might be left stranded if they could not import fuel at a time when the Dangote refinery had halted petrol sales to them. Dangote had earlier threatened to stop transacting business with fuel importers, whom it accused of blending its Euro-5 petrol grade with imported grades.

It is concerned that such practices could make it difficult to distinguish between products supplied directly by the refinery and products subsequently blended or handled by third parties.

“It is difficult to understand why we would invest heavily in producing high-quality petroleum products for Nigerians, only for those products to be mixed with imported products of uncertain quality and the resulting product to be associated with the refinery,” the refinery said last month.

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Reacting, importers and petroleum marketers kicked against the restriction of petrol sales to marketers who import petrol, describing the move as an attempt to block imports. The marketers also challenged the refinery to provide evidence that imported petrol entering the Nigerian market is below the required quality standard.

The marketers, who preferred not to be mentioned, accused Dangote of trying to prevent the importation of petrol. “We know what Dangote is trying to do. He is just trying to block imports,” one of the marketers said. The marketer argued that a company that sells petrol could not dictate whether a consumer should combine its product with fuel purchased from another supplier.

Using the example of motorists buying petrol from different filling stations, the marketer said Dangote could not prevent consumers from combining products sourced from different suppliers.

“For example, when you buy petrol from a TotalEnergies station, and you go down the road, and your petrol is almost finished, you then buy from MRS. Can TotalEnergies say you should not mix its petrol with MRS petrol? No, it can’t. I don’t understand the game that the Dangote refinery is playing,” he stated.

Another marketer also argued that the Federal Government had a responsibility to ensure an adequate petrol supply and protect consumers, insisting that imports remain necessary when domestic production drops.

Speaking, the National Vice Chairman of the IPMAN, Hamed Fashola, stated that the Dangote refinery is selective about who it sells petrol to because not all major marketers import.

“I don’t know how far that is correct; Dangote now sells to only IPMAN. I think somehow the information I have is that Dangote is selective about it, say those that are involved in importing. I think it’s not everybody that is importing,” he said.

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Clarifying IPMAN’s purchasing position amid market competition, Fashola noted that independent marketers operate flexibly to secure the most competitive pricing, sourcing supply indiscriminately from both local refineries and importers.

“We buy our product anywhere we feel it is cheap. Anywhere we see the product, we go for it, both Dangote and the importers. We always go for the best price,” Fashola stated.

Meanwhile, the National Publicity Secretary of the IPMAN, Chinedu Ukadike, expressed the belief that the Dangote refinery is open to doing business with anyone.

Ukadike noted that independent marketers are ready to buy and sell petrol from all suppliers, stressing that they were not currently involved in importing the product.

While saying he would not know if importers truly blend Dangote’s petrol with imported petrol, he concluded that Dangote is in the best position to determine whatever it can do to discourage blending.

“I believe that the Dangote refinery is open for business and that it will continue to sell to marketers. The issue of blending, I cannot say yes or no, because I’m not part of those who are importing. Independent marketers are not importing yet; we are just marketers who buy and sell.

“So, if there is any measure to discourage adulteration of petroleum products by Dangote, I think the refinery and its experts know best. They know the best way to deal with that. But our own is to continue to buy and sell to marketers. If there is a way to discourage adulteration of petroleum products, I won’t stop Dangote from doing so,” Ukadike added.

See also  Marketers warn against disruption as Dangote plans direct fuel supply

Source: punchng.com

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Report reveals petrol, diesel prices rise 86% in eight months

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The average prices of petrol and diesel have risen by 86 per cent in 2026, with the two products reaching their highest average price levels for the year by September 22, according to the latest fuel price trend report by priceandpromo.

The report stated that the average price of Premium Motor Spirit, popularly known as petrol, rose to N1,378 per litre by September 22, while automotive gas oil, commonly known as diesel, increased to N1,899/litre.

It puts the increase in the price of petrol at 80.8 per cent from the January 13 base, while diesel recorded a 91.8 per cent rise over the same period. The average increase of the two products is 86.3 per cent, which rounds to 86 per cent.

The report stated, “The latest priceandpromo fuel price trend shows renewed upward movement following the relative stability observed between April and July.

“Petrol rose to an average of N1,378 per litre by 22 September, while diesel increased to an average N1,899 per litre, the highest average price levels recorded for both products in the displayed 2026 series.”

According to the report, petrol prices had increased sharply in March before remaining relatively stable at elevated levels between April and July. “After the sharp March increase, fuel prices stabilised at higher levels through July before rising again in August and September,” it added

The renewed increase came amid heightened volatility in the international energy market, according to the report, which noted that the domestic market remained exposed to movements in global energy costs.

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“The renewed increase comes amid heightened global energy-market volatility, highlighting the domestic market’s continued exposure to shifts in international energy costs,” the report added.

The report indicated that the latest movement in fuel prices could have wider implications for transportation, logistics and the cost of distributing goods, given the importance of petrol and diesel to economic activities.

The report noted that fuel prices remained an important channel through which changes in energy costs could feed into transportation and other consumer costs.

The report further warned that the renewed increase in both products is a development to monitor because of its potential implications for the movement of people and goods.

It said, “The renewed increase in both petrol and diesel is therefore an important market signal to watch, particularly for its potential implications for mobility, logistics costs and the wider cost of moving goods through the market.”

The report’s figures show that the increase in diesel prices has outpaced that of petrol, with AGO rising by 91.8 per cent compared with PMS’s 80.8 per cent increase.

Source: punchng.com

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DisCos earn N603bn as power offtake drops

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Electricity distribution companies collected N603.64bn from customers in the second quarter of 2026, despite a decline in the volume of electricity they received from the power market.

The figure was contained in the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission’s second-quarter 2026 report, which showed that the average energy offtake by the DisCos at their trading points fell to 3,197.03 megawatt-hours per hour in the quarter.

The Q2 figure represented a 112.45MWh/h, or 3.40 per cent, decline from the 3,309.48MWh/h average recorded in the first quarter. Despite the decline in offtake, the DisCos recorded an overall offtake performance of 94.07 per cent during the quarter, against available partially contracted capacity of 3,398.41MWh/h.

According to the report, the DisCos received a total of 6,982.32 gigawatt-hours of electricity during the quarter but billed customers for only 5,812.31GWh. It stated, “This translates to an overall energy accounting efficiency of 83.24 per cent and represents a 0.24pp decrease compared to 2026/Q1 (83.48 per cent).”

The report further revealed that the naira value of electricity off-taken by the DisCos stood at N946.57bn, while the total value of energy billed to customers was N744.67bn.

This translated to a billing efficiency of 78.67 per cent, representing a decline of 0.57 percentage points from the 79.24 per cent recorded in the first quarter. At the collection stage, the DisCos recovered N603.64bn from the N744.67bn billed to customers, translating to a collection efficiency of 81.06 per cent.

The report said this represented an improvement of 2.11 percentage points from the 78.95 per cent recorded in Q1. However, the difference between the amount billed and the amount collected stood at N141.03bn during the quarter.

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The report also disclosed that the weighted average Aggregate Technical, Commercial and Collection losses across the 11 DisCos stood at 36.23 per cent in Q2.

It stated, “The ATC&C loss of 36.23 per cent is 19.31pp higher than the 2026 MYTO target (16.92 per cent) and translates to a cumulative revenue loss of N129.07 billion across all DisCos.”

The 36.23 per cent loss, however, represented a 1.21 percentage-point improvement from the 37.44 per cent recorded in Q1.

The report noted that all the DisCos failed to meet their ATC&C targets during the quarter, with “Kaduna DisCo recording the worst underperformance relative to the target (Actual – 67.70 per cent vs target – 18.18 per cent),” it stated.

On market obligations, the report said the cumulative upstream invoice payable by the DisCos stood at N410.38bn in Q2.

The amount comprised N326.46bn for generation costs from the Nigerian Bulk Electricity Trading Company and N83.92bn for transmission and administrative services provided by the market operator.

The DisCos collectively remitted N385.44bn, comprising N306.62bn to NBET and N78.82bn to the market operator, leaving an outstanding balance of N24.94bn. This represented a market remittance performance of 93.92 per cent, slightly lower than the 94.08 per cent recorded in Q1.

The report added that the Federal Government had taken responsibility for about 50 per cent, or N321.26bn, of the total generation costs through subsidies arising from the freezing of end-use customer tariffs at the rates applicable in July 2024.

Meanwhile, three international bilateral customers purchasing electricity from grid-connected generating companies paid $8.67m against an $18.84m invoice issued by the market operator during the quarter.

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This represented a remittance rate of 46.02 per cent. Domestic bilateral customers, on the other hand, paid N6.91bn against an invoice of N7.55bn, representing a remittance rate of 91.54 per cent.

Source: punchng.com

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