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‘Every Lagos resident must file annual tax returns before March 31’ LIRS says

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The Special Adviser to the Executive Chairman of the Lagos State Internal Revenue Service (LIRS), Abideen Akande, has disclosed why filing an annual tax return is compulsory for every Lagos resident.

He also revealed penalties for defaulters and the intent of the tax reform.

In an interview with Helen Oji for Guardian Nigeria, Akande said: “Filing of returns allows the tax authority to know how much you have earned in the preceding year and how much tax, if any, you have already paid in advance. Nigeria operates a self-assessment tax system. This means that you voluntarily declare your income for a defined period.”

He continued: “Filing of returns by individuals involves disclosing the income you earned in the previous year because that year has already ended.

“The interesting thing is that people often talk about constitutional rights, but shy away from constitutional obligations.

“Unlike the filing by employers that is done in January, which is predicated only on statutory provisions, filing by individuals is actually predicated on both the Constitution and the law. That tells you how important it is. In any organised society, you must have a tax system. As the saying goes, ‘aside from taxes, the only other certainties are death and change.’ So, tax compliance is inevitable.

“Here in Nigeria, it is based on self-assessment. You declare how much you earned. If you have already paid some tax in the preceding year, or if tax was deducted from your income at source, you disclose it to the tax authorities. Then, of your own volition, you may say: ‘This is how much I earned, and this is how much has already been deducted from me.’ If you still owe the State government, say, N5 or N10, you go ahead and pay it.

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“If you cannot pay immediately, you can approach the tax authorities and request a payment plan. For instance, you may say: ‘Please allow me to pay N3 now, N3 next month, and N4 later.’ If the tax authority is satisfied that you are genuinely facing financial challenges, it may approve the arrangement. But if it believes you are simply trying to evade payment, it may decline your request and proceed to recover the money, using the provisions available under the law.”

He added that filing tax return is “not optional” rather it is a must.

He said: “Even if by your own assessment, you believe you do not owe the government any money, you are still expected to file. For example, you may indicate that all the income you earned last year was below N840,000, which is around the annual equivalent of the minimum wage threshold. In that case, you would automatically not be liable to pay tax.

“However, you must still declare that you earned N800,000 from different sources.
The government has set a threshold below which it does not tax the poor; your tax liability in that situation would be zero, but you still need to inform the government that you earned that amount of money you claimed.”

On where to file tax returns, he said: “You simply go to the e-tax platform at e-tax.lirs.net. You input your details, and the system guides you to the filing page. It shows where to enter your income, your expenses, and any taxes that may have been withheld from you. Remember that the form called ‘Form A’ is a declaration of income and claim for reliefs.

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“Now, regarding what we are filing: it is the income of the preceding year. Since we are in 2026, you will file income earned from January 1, 2025, to December 31, 2025. You must disclose all income sources: salary, side businesses, rent and even investment income like dividends.

“Dividends are usually taxed at source, so the tax deducted is final. For instance, if you received N100,000 in dividends from BUA Cement, the company would already have deducted the applicable tax before payment. You still declare the income, but it will not be taxed again.

“This helps the tax authority to understand the full size of economic activity in the state, which also contributes to measuring the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Lagos State, including household economic activities.”

He added that “the filing window opens from January 1 and the deadline is March 31.”

As for the penalty for non-complainace, he said, “Under the new law, a taxable person who fails or refuses to file returns, or knowingly submits incomplete or inaccurate returns, is liable to an administrative penalty. The penalty is N100,000 for the first month of default and N50,000 for each subsequent month until compliance is achieved. N100,000 can buy your internet data for an entire year. So, it makes more sense to comply than to pay such penalties.

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Pure Water producers announce increment in price of bag

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The Kano State chapter of the Association of Table Water Producers (ATWAP) has announced an upward review in the price of sachet water, popularly known as “pure water,” citing rising production costs.

In a statement, the Public Relations Officer of the association, Anas Idris Hassan said the price of a bag of sachet water, previously sold at N220 has now been adjusted to a minimum of N300 across the state.

Hassan explained that the decision followed what he described as an unsustainable increase in the cost of essential production materials, which he said has risen by about two-thirds.

According to the association, the price of printing film used for packaging has climbed to N3,700, while the cost of gas and fuel has reached N1,500 per litre.

The association also noted that the persistent lack of stable electricity has forced most factories to depend heavily on generators, further increasing operational expenses.

Hassan described the review as a last-resort aimed at ensuring the continued availability of safe drinking water for residents of the state.

ATWAP Chairman, Ahmad Bala Hudu said the adjustment was necessary to prevent the collapse of the sachet water production industry in the state.

Despite the price increase, Hudu warned producers against compromising on water quality, stressing that all members must maintain strict purification standards.

He said reverse osmosis systems and other water treatment processes must be properly maintained to ensure the safety of consumers.

The chairman added that the association is working closely with health authorities to conduct inspections of production facilities across the state.

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He warned that any producer found violating health regulations or bypassing approved standards would be handed over to the appropriate law enforcement agencies.

The association appealed to residents to show understanding over the price adjustment, particularly as the development comes during the ongoing holy month of Ramadan.

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Iran strikes Israel, Gulf nations as oil prices fluctuate

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Iran unleashed a wave of attacks against Israel and Gulf nations on Wednesday, including targeting a Saudi oilfield, as reports of a proposed record release of oil reserves helped calm markets and prices.

The war sparked by United States-Israeli strikes on Iran has spread across the region and beyond, causing spiking energy costs, fuel rationing and even school closures.

G7 leaders will meet by video conference later on Wednesday to discuss the war’s economic consequences, particularly the “energy situation,” the French presidency said. The International Energy Agency will decide on a proposal for its largest-ever oil reserve release, the Wall Street Journal reported.

The United States on Tuesday said it was hitting Iranian ships capable of mining the Strait of Hormuz, the crucial passageway for oil that has been effectively closed by Iranian threats.

The US military posted video footage of Iranian boats blasted apart, saying it had destroyed 16 minelayers near the strait, through which one-fifth of the world’s oil passes.

“If for any reason mines were placed, and they are not removed forthwith, the military consequences to Iran will be at a level never seen before,” President Donald Trump wrote on social media.

Trump faces mounting political risks over the surging cost of oil, months before US elections. Crude prices spiked five per cent late Tuesday before turning lower on Wednesday after the reserve release report.

Trump said the US military could accompany tankers through the strait, but his administration acknowledged that a post by the energy secretary announcing a first such escort was untrue.

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Early on Wednesday, the UK maritime agency said a container ship off the coast of the United Arab Emirates had been hit by an “unknown projectile,” illustrating the ongoing risks to transport through the region.

With an eye on jittery markets, Trump on Monday said the war would be short, although his Defence Secretary, Pete Hegseth, said Tehran would be hit by unprecedented fire on Tuesday.

’Not seeking ceasefire’

The Israeli-US attacks came weeks after Iranian authorities ruthlessly crushed mass protests, although the United States and Israel said they were not necessarily seeking to topple the Islamic republic.

Iranian authorities warned against dissent at home, with the country’s police chief saying protesters would be viewed and dealt with as “enemies.”

“All our forces are also ready, with their hands on the trigger, prepared to defend their revolution,” national police chief Ahmad-Reza Radan said in comments aired by IRIB.

Tehran also intensified its assault on targets in the region, with the government announcing it carried out its own “most intense and heaviest” salvo, firing missiles for three hours at cities across Israel.

AFP journalists heard air raid sirens and explosions in Jerusalem. Emergency services reported no immediate injuries, although Channel 12 said several people were hurt in Tel Aviv. New salvos were reported early on Wednesday, with no reports of injuries.

Iran’s Revolutionary Guards said they also fired on Bahrain and Iraqi Kurdistan, both of which have a heavy US military presence, and also targeted a US air base in Kuwait, Iranian media said.

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Kuwait said it had downed eight drones, without offering further details.

Drones and ballistic missiles were also intercepted elsewhere in the Gulf, including multiple drones heading to the Shaybah oilfield in Saudi Arabia, its defence ministry said.

Earlier, Iranian parliament speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, a former top commander in the elite Revolutionary Guards, said in an English-language post on X: “Certainly we aren’t seeking a ceasefire.”

“We believe the aggressor must be punished and taught a lesson that will deter them from attacking Iran again,” he added.

Seven US military personnel have been killed and about 140 injured since the start of the war, according to the Pentagon.

**Fright in Tehran**

The United States and Israel launched the war on February 28 with an attack that killed Iran’s veteran leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. His son, Mojtaba Khamenei, has been named his successor, though he has yet to appear in public.

In Tehran, one woman in her 40s said she found some reassurance in her impression that the bombings “don’t target ordinary buildings.”

“The noise of the bombings is extremely disturbing,” she said.

Iran’s health ministry said on March 8 that more than 1,200 people had been killed and over 10,000 civilians injured.

The conflict has spread as far as Sri Lanka, where US forces torpedoed an Iranian ship, and Australia, which said on Wednesday it had granted asylum to two more members of the Iranian women’s football team.

Iraq and Lebanon, both home to Iran-backed fighters, have become proxy battlegrounds in the war.

In Iraq, Iranian-linked groups said on Tuesday that five of their fighters died in strikes they blamed on the United States.

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In Lebanon, hundreds of people have been killed and hundreds of thousands have fled their homes following Israeli air strikes and ground operations targeting Iran-backed Hezbollah.

New Israeli strikes were reported in Beirut’s southern suburbs on Wednesday, with the health ministry saying another five people had been killed in the southern town of Qana.

An Israeli strike also hit a central Beirut neighbourhood on Wednesday morning, state media reported.

Iran complained to the United Nations that four of its diplomats died in a strike on a seafront hotel in central Beirut on Sunday, which Israel said was aimed at “key commanders” from Iran’s Revolutionary Guards.

The effects of the war are being felt globally, with the UN trade and development agency warning of rising costs for essentials such as fuel and food hitting the world’s most vulnerable people.

In Egypt, which increased the cost of fuels by up to 30 per cent, mother-of-six Om Mohamed fretted about the future.

“We were barely getting by as it is. I don’t know how people will manage,” she told AFP at a Cairo market.

AFP

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Reps query foreign airlines’ N18.98bn debt, give FAAN two-week recovery deadline

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The House of Representatives Committee on Finance on Tuesday directed the Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria to recover the N18.98bn owed to the Federal Government by foreign airlines operating in the country within two weeks.

The directive was issued by the Chairman of the Committee, James Faleke, when officials of FAAN, led by the Managing Director, Olubunmi Kuku, appeared before the panel as part of its ongoing revenue monitoring exercise.

Lawmakers expressed displeasure over what they described as the growing debt profile of international airlines operating in Nigeria, insisting that the situation was unacceptable.

Faleke noted that the accumulation of such liabilities, despite clearly defined payment timelines for airport service charges, raised serious questions about revenue enforcement in the aviation sector.

Earlier in her presentation, the FAAN managing director explained that airlines operating in Nigerian airports are required to settle their service charges within two weeks.

She, however, disclosed that a number of operators had exceeded that window, with some liabilities stretching beyond 30 days, 90 days and, in certain cases, more than one year.

Kuku also presented a breakdown of the outstanding debts owed by several international carriers.

Among the airlines listed were Qatar Airways, Lufthansa, British Airways, Virgin Atlantic, KLM, EgyptAir, Ethiopian Airlines, Air France, Royal Air Maroc, Turkish Airlines and Africa World Airlines.

She explained that the figures represent charges for services provided by FAAN and collected through the settlement platform of the International Air Transport Association.

According to her, Qatar Airways currently owes about N1.5bn, while Lufthansa’s outstanding liability also stands at approximately N1.5bn.

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She further stated that Virgin Atlantic owes about N1.35bn, while KLM, EgyptAir and Ethiopian Airlines each owe over N1bn in varying categories of current and outstanding payments.

Other airlines listed in the debt profile include Air France, Royal Air Maroc, Turkish Airlines and Africa World Airlines, with liabilities ranging between N700m and N1bn.

The FAAN boss told the committee that the total outstanding amount owed by the airlines currently stands at N18.98bn.

Lawmakers, however, queried why the airlines were allowed to accumulate such debts despite the stipulated two-week payment window.

A member of the committee asked FAAN why operators who fail to meet their obligations within the approved timeframe were not sanctioned or barred from operating at Nigerian airports.

“Why would you allow an airline to owe beyond the two weeks allowed?” the lawmaker queried.

The committee also demanded to know whether airlines that eventually settle their obligations after the deadline are required to pay interest on the outstanding sums, warning that persistent delays could amount to negligence.

Members further questioned why certain airlines were allowed to continue operations despite carrying debts exceeding 90 days or even one year, stressing that such practices could undermine revenue enforcement.

Responding, Kuku explained that international airline payments are often processed through a global clearing system operated by IATA, which sometimes results in settlement delays.

She noted that the system allows airlines to make payments through a centralised platform used globally for aviation ticketing and financial settlements.

According to her, FAAN closely monitors the ageing of airline debts and intensifies engagement with operators once liabilities exceed 30 days, while debts above 90 days attract stronger enforcement measures.

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She also revealed that FAAN had, on some occasions, grounded airlines that failed to meet their payment obligations, particularly domestic operators that do not operate under the same global credit structure as international carriers.

Despite the explanation, lawmakers insisted that stricter enforcement mechanisms must be introduced to prevent the continued accumulation of debts.

The committee subsequently directed FAAN to provide detailed addresses and documentation for all the airlines listed as debtors.

It also warned that the affected operators would be invited to appear before the House to explain the outstanding liabilities if they fail to clear the debts within the stipulated period.

“We need every kobo that belongs to this country,” Faleke said, warning that airlines found violating their financial obligations would be held accountable.

Foreign airlines operating in the country are required to pay a range of statutory charges for the use of airport facilities and services provided by FAAN.

These include passenger service charges, landing and parking fees, aeronautical service charges and other operational levies.

PUNCH Online reports that over the years, the recovery of such charges has occasionally been complicated by the global settlement structure used in the aviation industry, where airlines process payments through the International Air Transport Association’s clearing system.

Under this arrangement, airlines operating in multiple jurisdictions settle certain charges through centralised platforms that aggregate payments before disbursement to airport authorities and service providers.

However, Nigerian lawmakers have repeatedly raised concerns that the system should not be used as a basis for prolonged delays in settling debts owed to government agencies.

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The latest directive by the House Committee on Finance forms part of a broader effort by the National Assembly to strengthen revenue collection by federal agencies and block leakages in government income streams, particularly in sectors considered critical to national economic growth.

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