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India buys Nigerian crude as Dangote imports US oil

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Refineries in India are buying Nigerian crude while the country’s Dangote Petroleum Refinery is largely running on American oil.

In a twist that underscores the complexities of global oil trade, India’s state refiners are snapping up Nigerian crude oil while Africa’s largest refinery, located in Nigeria, is increasingly importing crude from the United States, a development that oil sector operators described as “oil trade irony” on Sunday.

Industry sources told Reuters that Indian Oil Corporation recently bought one million barrels of Nigeria’s Agbami crude for September delivery in a tender awarded to global trader Trafigura. The purchase is part of a broader sourcing spree that has seen Indian refiners secure millions of barrels from non-Russian sources.

Ironically, while Indian refiners are boosting purchases of Nigerian grades, the $20bn Dangote Petroleum Refinery in Lagos is relying heavily on US imports to feed its processing units. The refinery imported an average of 10 million barrels in July, saying it was increasingly relying on the US for its feedstock despite the naira-for-crude deal with the Federal Government.

Reuters reported that Indian Oil Corp and Bharat Petroleum have bought a million barrels of non-Russian crude for delivery in September and October after the US pressured India to halt purchases from Russia.

Indian state refiners had been largely absent from the spot market since 2022, instead becoming one of the few purchasers of cheaper Russian crude after Russia invaded Ukraine. However, they paused Russian purchases in late July after pressure from US President Donald Trump.

Over two million barrels of crude oil were said to have been bought from Nigeria for September and October deliveries in India. India’s second biggest state refiner BPCL bought barrels of oil through negotiations for September arrival, a source familiar with the purchases said.

That included one million barrels of Angola Girassol, one million barrels of US Mars, three million barrels of Abu Dhabi Murban, and two million barrels of Nigerian oil, according to Reuters.

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Dangote imports US oil

Data from commodities analytics firm, Kpler, showed that in July, US barrels accounted for about 60 per cent of Dangote’s 590,000 barrels per day of crude intake, with Nigerian grades making up the remaining 40 per cent.

In July, the Dangote refinery’s crude imports surged to a record 590 kbd—driven largely by US barrels overtaking Nigerian supply for the first time—amid ongoing domestic sourcing challenges, Kpler reports. The refinery is currently operating at 85 per cent of its nameplate capacity with plans to upgrade to 700,000 barrels per day.

As crude imports into the Dangote refinery surged to 590,000 bpd in July, the highest monthly volume on record, Kpler noted that US crude made up a substantial 370,000bpd (60 per cent) of the total, while Nigerian grades accounted for just 220,000 bpd (40 per cent), primarily comprising Amenam, Bonny Light, and Escravos.

“While WTI has held a significant share in Dangote’s import slate since March, this is the first time US crude has overtaken Nigerian supply—a shift driven by several factors,” Kpler reported. It stated that WTI has been more competitively priced than certain domestic options, especially as US barrels struggled to find traction in Asia amid rising OPEC+ output and multi-month lows in Murban spot premiums in May.

At the same time, the Dangote refinery had earlier said that securing domestic crude for the refinery had remained an ongoing challenge. Dangote and other local refineries have decried the low supply of crude to their facilities in conformity with the Domestic Crude Supply Obligations.

Dangote’s crude inventories rose to 6.73 million barrels in July, reflecting a 2.5 Mbbls month-on-month increase, suggesting that a portion of the elevated import volumes has been directed into storage.

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Meanwhile, Nigeria’s indigenous oil firms are increasingly taking centre stage in the upstream sector, leveraging the withdrawal of international majors and improved stability in onshore operations. Crude and condensate supply held steady at 1.75 Mbd in July, lifting the three-month average to its highest level in over five years, driven by rising onshore output and fewer pipeline disruptions.

At Jones Creek, reduced pipeline outages reportedly supported higher flows to the Ugo Ocha terminal, with exports doubling to 65,000 bpd in recent months. Kpler stated that among key grades, CJ crude production reached its highest level of the year in June, reaching 55,000 bpd, quoting data from the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission. The grade, which is previously a regular feedstock for Dangote, reportedly had its recent cargoes shipped to Canada’s Point Tupper and re-exported to the US recently.

The refinery’s intake of domestic crude declined to 220,000 bpd in August, down from 275,000 bpd last month, coinciding with record-level imports from the US at 370,000 bpd. Despite its stated intention to prioritise Nigerian supply, Dangote’s current crude slate suggests a more flexible sourcing strategy, which will largely be based on commercial incentive.

The bulk of the refinery’s output consists of gasoline, primarily sold domestically, though some volumes have been exported to Oman and Ivory Coast—and jet fuel, destined for West Africa and Northwest Europe, according to Kpler.

Last month, the President of the Dangote Group, Aliko Dangote, said the refinery has made Nigeria a net exporter of refined products, saying, “From June beginning to July, we have exported about 1 million tonnes of PMS, within the last 50 days,” he said.

It was stated that with a gasoline yield of 46 per cent, the refinery’s expansion to 700,000 barrels per day (bpd) would increase potential gasoline output to 322,000 bpd, up from an initial 300,000 bpd.

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However, the platform expressed pessimism, stating that “expecting Dangote to run at full capacity on a sustained basis would be highly optimistic, given the likelihood of frequent mechanical issues and ongoing maintenance requirements. As such, we do not anticipate the refinery approaching full utilisation before Q4 2026.”

It disclosed that, in an effort to maximise gasoline yields, condensate naphtha arrived in early July, with Dangote importing around 22,000 tonnes per month (6,000 bpd) to feed its hydrotreater for gasoline production.

These naphtha imports, it was learnt, underscore “ongoing operational challenges at the refinery’s 204,000 bpd RFCC unit, which has been grappling with reactor and regenerator issues since January.”

Looking ahead, Kpler expects Nigeria’s crude and condensate supply to average around 1.65 mbd throughout the rest of the year—a stable level, with no significant new fields expected in the coming months, though still a marginal increase compared to H2 last year.

Nevertheless, it was added that activity among local producers continues to build, with significant gains possible from next year. “Companies like Seplat are working to boost output by restarting shut-in wells and launching new drilling campaigns across the former ExxonMobil blocks, according to their latest financial results.

“Infrastructure is also expanding: the Otakikpo terminal, developed by Green Energy, completed its first crude export in June aboard the Suezmax Lipari, becoming Nigeria’s first privately built onshore terminal in over five decades. Conoil has completed its first Obodo crude shipment, while Renaissance Africa Energy is preparing to scale up production following its acquisition of Shell’s onshore assets,” it was reported.

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FG tells marketers to reflect global oil price drop in petrol prices

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Minister of State for Petroleum Resources, Sen. Heineken Lokpobiri, has directed petroleum marketers to immediately reflect the recent decline in global oil prices by reducing the pump prices of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) and other petroleum products.

Lokpobiri gave the directive at the 2026 Nigerian Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Authority (NMDPRA) General Counsel and Legal Advisers Forum on Monday in Abuja.

The forum is themed “Beyond Compliance Certainty and Investment Confidence in Nigeria’s Petroleum Sector.”

Lokpobiri said that with the de-escalation of tensions between Iran and the United States, there was an expectation that the prices of PMS and other petroleum products would be adjusted downward accordingly.

He expressed concern that the anticipated reduction had yet to be reflected at the pumps, stressing that while market forces under the deregulated regime would ultimately restore price equilibrium, marketers should not exploit the situation to make excessive profits.

The minister said the regulator had a statutory responsibility to ensure that deregulation did not become an avenue for profiteering, adding that this must be carried out in line with the provisions of the Petroleum Industry Act (PIA 2021).

“For too long, the dominant question in our regulatory conversations has been: are operators complying? That question matters. It will always matter. But it is no longer sufficient.

“The more consequential question today is this: are our regulatory authorities doing their job? Is it clear, consistent and predictable enough to give investors the confidence they need to commit capital, not just for one cycle, but for the long term?

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“Compliance is the foundation. Regulatory certainty is the ceiling we must now be building toward,” he said.

Lokpobiri, while urging marketers to comply with the principles of fair pricing to ensure that consumers benefit from the prevailing market realities, urged regulators to move beyond compliance by promoting regulatory certainty to attracting long-term investments.

“The sector is now fully deregulated, a bold reform that President Bola Tinubu had the courage to implement. That decision paved way for the operationalisation of the Dangote Refinery and other refinery projects currently underway.

“It also ensured that artificial scarcity has become a thing of the past.

“You can attest to the fact that since 2023 there has been availability of products in country even with the recent challenges posed by the US-Israeli /Iranian conflict.

“Beyond allowing prices to be determined by market forces, the question is: what is the regulator doing to ensure that consumers receive the correct quantity of product?

“When someone pays for 10 litres of PMS, they should receive exactly 10 litres, not less,” he warned.

Lokpobiri said while compliance with regulations remained fundamental, investors were increasingly interested in jurisdictions with clear, consistent and predictable regulatory frameworks.

He described general counsel as strategic partners whose responsibilities extend beyond interpreting laws to shaping investment decisions, improving regulatory design and supporting national development.

According to him, legal advisers should provide constructive feedback whenever regulations or guidelines create uncertainty that could discourage investment.

He said Nigeria’s petroleum sector was entering a new phase characterised by expanding domestic refining capacity, increased private sector participation and emerging opportunities across the midstream and downstream segments.

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According to him, attracting investments will require policy consistency, transparent regulation, efficient dispute resolution and strong collaboration among government, regulators, industry operators and legal practitioners.

He expressed confidence that the recommendations from the forum would contribute to improving governance, regulatory certainty and investment confidence in Nigeria’s petroleum sector. (NAN)

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Olodo uprising: Tinubu aide faults critics of First Lady’s Akara, Kuli kuli comment

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The Special Assistant to President Bola Tinubu on Social Media, Dada Olusegun, has defended First Lady Oluremi Tinubu’s recent empowerment of micro-traders, saying criticisms of the initiative are driven by ignorance of her record and the role of Nigeria’s informal economy.

In a statement shared on Monday, Olusegun described the backlash over the First Lady’s focus on traders such as akara and kulikuli sellers as a “performative circus of selective amnesia.”

He argued that critics had ignored the numerous interventions carried out by the Renewed Hope Initiative across healthcare, women’s empowerment, support for military widows and persons living with disabilities.

The First Lady, Senator Oluremi Tinubu
The First Lady of Nigeria, Senator Oluremi Tinubu

According to him, the First Lady’s interventions extend beyond petty traders, citing her donation of ₦1bn to the National Cancer Fund for cervical cancer screening and another ₦1bn for tuberculosis diagnostic equipment in Abuja in 2025.

He also referenced the disbursement of ₦250,000 each to 1,709 widows and orphans of fallen military personnel in 2023, as well as ₦200,000 business grants to persons living with disabilities across the 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory.

Olusegun further highlighted the Renewed Hope Initiative’s partnership with the Tony Elumelu Foundation, which targeted 18,500 women nationwide with ₦50,000 grants and the distribution of equipment, including industrial grinding machines, freezers and generators.

He further criticised what he described as an “Olodo uprising” on social media, accusing critics of reacting to trends without researching the facts.

“This entire controversy perfectly mirrors what is now happening with the broader ‘Olodo uprising” across our social platforms. We live in an era where people jump on trending hashtags and soundbites without dedicating a single minute to researching context. Memes are manufactured in seconds; accurate history takes time to read.

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“When the critics are done making their superficial memes, writing cynical captions, and circulating ignorant narratives, the reality on the ground will remain unchanged. They would be better off advising their constituents to find credible means to key into these ongoing government initiatives,” he stated.

He maintained that empowering small-scale traders should not be viewed as “weaponising poverty.”

“According to various economic metrics, the informal sector contributes over 50 per cent of Nigeria’s GDP and accounts for over 80 per cent of employment. The akara fryer, the kulikuli processor, and the petty trader are not just marginal actors; they are the literal shock absorbers of our micro-economy.

“When you give a micro-grant or operational tools to an akara seller, you are not validating poverty; you are reducing immediate operational capital friction, securing food chains at the grassroots, and expanding household income. Mocking these initiatives as ‘petty’ shows a deep-seated contempt for the actual working class of Nigeria,” he said.

Olusegun also defended the political value of grassroots empowerment, saying such interventions create trust among beneficiaries.

He cited the TraderMoni and MarketMoni programmes introduced during former President Muhammadu Buhari’s administration under then Vice President Yemi Osinbajo as examples of initiatives that directly impacted market traders.

“The opposition often wonders why the poorest segments of the population continually familiarise themselves with the All Progressives Congress during elections. The answer is simple: the party meets them at their point of immediate need,” he said.

Olusegun added that Tinubu’s record as former First Lady of Lagos State, a three-term senator and now First Lady of the Federation showed a consistent commitment to structured empowerment programmes.

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“She will not be distracted by digital static from doing what she has mastered over decades: empowering the poorest among us, one structured intervention at a time,” he said.

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Dangote refinery imports first UAE crude cargoes

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The Dangote Refinery has purchased two cargoes of crude oil from the United Arab Emirates, marking its first-ever procurement of Middle Eastern crude as it expands its feedstock sources amid persistent domestic supply constraints.

According to a report by S&P Global Commodity Insights, the two cargoes will be the first sourced by the 700,000-barrels-per-day refinery from any Middle Eastern supplier, signalling a shift from its traditional reliance on Nigerian, African, and United States crude grades.

The report said the purchases followed the resumption of oil exports from the Middle East after the United States and Iran reached an interim peace agreement that restored confidence in shipping through the Strait of Hormuz.

The refinery, designed primarily to process Nigeria’s light sweet crude, has increasingly diversified its crude slate as operations ramp up. S&P Global reported that an agreement between the refinery and the Nigerian National Petroleum Company had guaranteed the supply of between 13 and 15 cargoes of Nigerian crude monthly in naira, helping the refinery reduce its foreign exchange exposure.

However, the arrangement has faced challenges due to inadequate crude availability and operational issues at export terminals. According to the report, Dangote Refinery Chief Executive Officer David Bird had previously disclosed that these constraints had compelled the company to seek additional crude sources outside Nigeria.

The report added that the refinery’s expansion plans would further increase its crude requirements. Dangote plans to double the refinery’s processing capacity to 1.4 million barrels per day by the end of 2028, a level that would enable it to process about 80 per cent of Nigeria’s recent crude oil production in a single day.

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Speaking earlier this year, Bird said the refinery intended to increase the share of heavier crude grades in its feedstock mix. “We definitely want to heavy up the barrel,” Bird said in April.

He added, “We will be in the crude blending game. So you can easily imagine at 1.4 million b/d we could process 30 per cent Middle Eastern grades on each train.”

According to S&P Global, the refinery has been broadening the range of crude grades it processes as part of its ambition to operate as a fully merchant refinery. The report noted that in 2025, about 70 per cent of the refinery’s crude imports came from Nigeria, while 24 per cent originated from the United States.

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