Despite the outstanding N2.7tn legacy debt, gas companies supplied 179.79 billion standard cubic feet of gas to power firms between January and July 2025, valued at approximately N607bn.
A report by the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission disclosed that gas-to-power supply reached its highest level in three months, with average daily deliveries rising by 3.48 per cent month-on-month, from 833.86 million standard cubic feet per day in June to 862.86 mmscf/d in July 2025.
Over the first seven months of the year, gas-to-power supply stood at 780.23 mmscf/d in January, increased to 849.37 mmscf/d in February, and rose further to 886.83 mmscf/d and 886.70 mmscf/d in March and April, respectively. The daily averages for May, June, and July were 837.64 mmscf/d, 833.86 mmscf/d, and 862.86 mmscf/d, respectively.
This translates to an average of 24.19 Bscf in January, 23.78 Bscf in February, 27.49 Bscf in March, and 26.60 Bscf in April. In May, June, and July, the volume of gas supplied to power generation companies was 25.96 Bscf, 25.02 Bscf, and 26.75 Bscf, respectively.
It was revealed that the thermal plants consumed the largest percentage of the domestic gas supply, even when many of the power generation companies still owed billions of naira to gas companies. Our correspondent learned that one of the largest power plants in the country owes an international oil company over N500bn in unpaid gas debt. But generation companies said they would only pay the gas debts when the Federal Government clears the N5tn debt owed to the Gencos.
According to the United States Energy Information Administration, 1 cubic foot equals 1,036 British thermal units. This means that the 179.79 Bscf used for power generation between January and July is equal to 186.26 million MMBtu.
With the Nigerian Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Authority’s gas-to-power price of $2.13/MMBtu, this is equivalent to $396.74m. At an exchange rate of N1,530 to a dollar, the figure is approximately N607bn worth of gas supplied to power generation companies in seven months.
As of December 2024, it was reported that the Federal Government and some power generation companies owed over N2.7tn in legacy debts to gas producers in Nigeria. The gas companies, earlier in the first quarter of 2024, stopped gas supply to the power generation companies due to mounting debts, plunging the country into weeks of darkness. The Federal Government waded in with promises gas producers said were left unfulfilled.
As gas producers lamented the debts owed by power generation companies, the Federal Government said it was planning to clear the N2.7tn owed to gas companies with royalties.
The Chief Executive of the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission, Gbenga Komolafe, disclosed this recently during a Zoom meeting organised by the Minister of State for Petroleum Resources (Gas), Ekperikpe Ekpo, in commemoration of Ekpo’s second year in office.
With the new arrangement, gas companies that are owed by the government for gas supplied to power plants would be settled through the gas royalties they are required to pay to the government. Komolafe stated that the NUPRC played a critical role alongside other stakeholders to address the legacy debt.
Since the majority of the companies that are owed pay royalties, Komolafe added that discussions were ongoing about how to extinguish the debt through royalty credits. “On the issue of legacy power debt, I would like to say that the commission is playing a critical role in conjunction with other stakeholders.
“One of the solutions that has been canvassed is the extinguishment of the legacy debt through royalty credits. You might note that most of the companies that are owed are gas producers; they pay royalties on gas. So, some of the discussions have been, ‘Can such debts be extinguished on the basis of royalty credits that they have?’” he asked.
The NUPRC boss added that the regulator, as the agency supervising production and royalty payments, is providing guidance to the government on how to implement the idea without disrupting government revenue flow.
“The commission is providing guidance to the authorities, both to the Decade of Gas and the minister, on how such a mechanism can be implemented in a manner that is not going to disrupt the industry or even the revenue flow to the government.
“So, being the entity that is charged with the assessment of royalty and the assessment of production, we provide the necessary data and the necessary guidance to address those issues relating to royalty payment and extinguishment of the gas-to-power debt through royalty payment,” Komolafe disclosed.
Speaking recently at a function in Lagos, the Chairman of Geometric Power and former Minister of Power, Barth Nnaji, regretted that despite having over 200 trillion cubic feet of proven gas reserves, Nigeria continues to struggle to supply enough gas to its power plants.
Nnaji expressed deep concern over what he described as a national contradiction: being rich in natural gas but still failing to meet domestic electricity generation needs. “It’s quite perplexing. We are a gas-rich country, yet we struggle to supply enough gas to our power plants. It’s a contradiction that many find hard to understand,” he said.
Nnaji, a former Minister of Power, noted that while the official domestic gas price for power generation was formerly pegged at $2.42/MMBtu, the NMDPRA revised it down to $2.13/MMBtu effective April 1, 2025. However, he said generation companies often source gas from the open market at $2.70 and above, depending on supply constraints and contract terms.
“Because most electricity is generated using gas, and GenCos depend heavily on sourcing this gas from the open market, the disparity between the regulated and actual prices continues to strain the sector,” Nnaji said.
He warned that the pricing gap is worsening liquidity challenges in the power sector, contributing significantly to the over N1tn electricity subsidy recorded in the first half of 2025 and the growing trillion-naira debt owed to GenCos by the Federal Government. According to him, the gas-to-power benchmark being below market realities places an unsustainable burden on power producers.
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