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Nigerian passport climbs global ranking, slips in visa-free access

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The Nigerian passport climbed six places on the Henley Passport Index since President Bola Tinubu assumed office in May 2023, rising from a global rank of 95 in January 2024 to 89 in the latest April 2026 edition.

However, the actual number of countries Nigerian passport holders can visit without a visa has fallen by two destinations.

This is as Ethiopia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Somalia, Mauritania and São Tomé and Príncipe, among others, have moved Nigeria to the “visa required” category in recent years.

According to the April 2026 edition of the Henley Passport Index, Nigeria’s visa-free destinations stand at 44, down from 46 in January 2025 and 45 in January 2024.

The data, drawn from three successive annual editions of the index obtained by The PUNCH, shows that while Nigeria climbed six places in the overall global ranking from 95th in January 2024 to 89th in April 2026, the actual number of countries accessible to its passport holders without a prior visa shrank by two destinations over the same period.

According to the data, several countries ranked below Nigeria in prior editions have also fallen further in the intervening period, raising Nigeria’s position without necessarily requiring any improvement in the country’s passport strength.

The Henley Passport Index, now in its 21st year, ranks 199 passports globally using exclusive data from the International Air Transport Association.

In that time, the Nigerian passport fell 27 places from 62nd in 2006 to 89th in 2026.

A detailed comparison of the 46 destinations from January 2025 against the 44 accessible to Nigerian passport holders as of April 2026, verified against the Henley country-specific destination document obtained by our correspondent, revealed that while Nigeria gained access to nine new destinations including Fiji, Micronesia, Mozambique, Rwanda, Togo, Samoa, Palau Islands, Niue and Montserrat between 2025 and 2026, it simultaneously lost access to seven countries over the years.

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The most well-documented is Ethiopia, which scrapped visa-on-arrival for Nigerian citizens in October 2022, requiring Nigerians to obtain visas from the Ethiopian embassy in Abuja before travelling.

The change came barely two weeks after Ethiopian Airlines emerged as a core investor in the Nigerian national carrier project.

Ethiopia, which had been one of the most accessible destinations on the African continent for Nigerian travellers, is now effectively inaccessible by any route.

Meanwhile, the Zambian government mandates that all West African passport holders must obtain visas.

Zimbabwe, which previously offered Nigerians a visa-on-arrival, now requires a prior visa application.

Lesotho, Mauritania, São Tomé and Príncipe and Somalia have each similarly moved to a prior-visa requirement for Nigerians.

The changes were highlighted in crossed-out entries against each of the countries concerned in the 2026 destination list for Nigeria.

None of the countries involved cited formal bilateral disputes with Nigeria, and the changes were administrative.

Visa-free Pacific island nations of Fiji, Samoa, Niue, Palau, Micronesia and Montserrat currently operate open-door or minimal-visa-requirement policies that apply broadly to developing nations.

Among West African countries, Nigeria sits near the bottom of the 2026 ranking, as Ghana ranked 67th globally with a visa-free score of 67, 23 destinations more than Nigeria.

The Gambia, a country of less than 2.5 million people, ranked 66th with 68 visa-free destinations.

Senegal ranked 77th with 56 destinations, Burkina Faso and Côte d’Ivoire at 77th and 78th respectively with 56 and 55 destinations, and Guinea-Bissau at 83rd with 50 destinations.

Across the continent, South Africa maintained its lead as the strongest passport. Ranked 46th globally, its holders can travel to 100 destinations visa-free.

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Botswana followed at rank 56 with 81 destinations, ahead of Namibia with 74 destinations, Morocco with 71 destinations, Kenya with 69 and Ghana with 67 destinations.

Globally, Singapore holds the world’s most powerful passport with a visa-free score of 192, edging ahead of Japan and South Korea, which share the second position at 187 alongside the United Arab Emirates.

Sweden, with 186 destinations, is ranked third, while Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain and Switzerland jointly occupy fourth position with 185 visa free destinations.

The index put Austria, Greece, Malta and Portugal at fifth position with 184 destinations.

Meanwhile, Afghanistan holds the world’s weakest passport as its holders can access only 23 of 227 assessed destinations without a prior visa.

The rest include Syria with 26 destinations, Iraq with 29 destinations, Pakistan and Yemen (31 destinations, rank 98), Somalia (32, rank 97), Nepal and North Korea (35, rank 96) and Bangladesh (36, rank 95).

Libya, with 39 destinations and Eritrea, with 38, occupy ranks 93 and 94, respectively.

In an earlier interview with our correspondent, Research Director, Centre for China Studies, Abuja, Charles Onunaiju, argued that the dwindling visa-free access Nigerians enjoy globally reflects the country’s internal challenges.

“We have a challenge. Since Nigeria is becoming inhospitable, especially for young people with no opportunities, there is desperation to go abroad. Almost all embassies now enforce regulations on Nigerians that they don’t impose on other nationals.

“People feel that almost every Nigerian wants to leave here. That’s partly true because the nation has mishandled the potential in it. Our leaders have not harnessed the vast human resources available to us.

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“If we want to earn respect from outside, we must begin from home. If we want the world to take us seriously, we must get our acts together,” Onunaiju said.

An ex-official of Nigeria’s passport issuing agency, the Nigeria Immigration Service, said visa-free mobility primarily reflects bilateral agreements between countries and within regional blocs.

The official who spoke on condition of anonymity said, “Henley’s ranking is based on passport admissibility, and that is largely a function of mutual understanding and reciprocity among countries, which does not necessarily reflect the true strength of a passport. A good example is the European Union and the ECOWAS.

“While we appreciate their work, the NIS is more concerned with deepening its passport technology to meet the standards of the ICAO. The goal is to ensure that our passport complies with ICAO guidelines.”

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South Korean judge who hiked ex-first lady’s jail sentence found dead

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A South Korean judge who more than doubled the former first lady’s prison sentence last month was found dead on Wednesday, police said.

Shin Jong-o was “found unconscious around 1:00 am (1600 GMT on Tuesday)… at the Seoul High Court building”, an investigator at Seocho district police station told AFP.

Shin was taken to the hospital and pronounced dead, he said, adding: “There is no sign of foul play in the death.”

Local media reported that Shin had left a suicide note, but the investigator said there was none.

Last month, Shin presided over 53-year-old Kim Keon Hee’s appeal trial, finding her guilty of stock manipulation and bribery, and increasing her sentence to four years from 20 months.

The heavier sentence came after her acquittal by a lower court on the stock manipulation charge was overturned.

Shin said at the time that Kim had “failed to acknowledge her culpability and has instead consistently resorted to excuses”.

The police investigator said on Wednesday that the judge’s “bereaved family is stricken by the incident” and requests privacy.

AFP

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Court frees ex-HOS Oyo-Ita in N570m money laundering case

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The Federal High Court in Abuja on Tuesday discharged and acquitted former Head of Service of the Federation, Winifred Oyo-Ita, of alleged N570m money laundering charges filed against her by the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission.

The trial judge, Justice James Omotosho, upheld the no-case submissions filed by Oyo-Ita and eight co-defendants, holding that the EFCC failed to establish a prima facie case against them after about six years of trial.

“The case presented by the prosecution has no weight whatsoever,” the judge ruled.

Justice Omotosho described the anti-graft agency’s case as one “built on the quicksand of speculations, suspicions and shoddy investigation.”

He added that the prosecution failed to establish the predicate offences required to prove money laundering allegations.

“Crucial elements of money laundering offences, which are the establishment of a predicate offence, were glaringly absent in this case presented by the prosecution,” he said.

The judge held that the prosecution failed to prove that funds allegedly traced to Oyo-Ita were proceeds of unlawful activities.

According to him, evidence before the court showed that contracts linked to the allegations were duly approved and executed.

He also held that estacodes, duty tour allowances and air tickets allegedly received by Oyo-Ita were properly approved.

“There is no proof before the court that estacodes or duty allowances were approved and subsequently collected without the corresponding trips being undertaken,” the judge said.

He faulted the prosecution for failing to tender travel approvals, official memos, audit queries or other documentary evidence to support its allegations.

“The prosecution has, in effect, invited the court to engage in speculation,” he added.

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Justice Omotosho further held that Oyo-Ita was neither a director nor shareholder in the companies allegedly linked to the transactions under investigation.

“The prosecution did not provide any shred of evidence to show that the monies are tainted with illegality,” the judge ruled.

He subsequently upheld the no-case submissions filed by all the defendants and discharged and acquitted them on the 18-count charge.

The EFCC had arraigned Oyo-Ita and others in March 2020 over allegations bordering on fraud involving duty tour allowances, estacodes and contract kickbacks amounting to about N570m.

During the trial, the commission called eight witnesses and tendered documentary exhibits.

However, the defendants argued that the prosecution failed to establish any ingredient of the offences to warrant them entering a defence.

Justice Omotosho also rejected confessional statements allegedly obtained from Oyo-Ita and some co-defendants, ruling that they were not obtained in compliance with provisions of the Administration of Criminal Justice Act.

He held that the prosecution failed to produce video recordings of the statement-taking sessions as required by law and consequently expunged the statements from evidence.

Oyo-Ita was removed from office by the administration of the late President Muhammadu Buhari in September 2019, amid corruption allegations.

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Missing Ebonyi engineers’ families demand fresh probe

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Wives of five engineers linked to NELAN Consulting have rejected recent comments by the Minister of Works, David Umahi, accusing him of attempting to “sweep the truth under the carpet” over the disappearance and presumed killing of their husbands in 2021.

In a strongly worded rejoinder signed by the wives of the engineers, namely Mrs Patricia Onyemeh, Mrs Lovette Edeani, Mrs Ifeoma Ejiofor, Mrs Esther Aneke, and Mrs Nwazulum, the women said Umahi’s response failed to address “grave factual and moral concerns that have persisted for nearly five years.”

The statement follows Umahi’s March 16, 2026, response in which he reportedly linked the engineers’ disappearance to communal unrest.

But the families disputed this, insisting that “the characterisation of the disappearance of the five engineers… as a general consequence of communal crisis is completely outrageous, misconceived, misrepresented, and flawed.”

The engineers, who were supervising an African Development Bank-backed ring road project in Ebonyi State, went missing on November 3, 2021, during Umahi’s tenure as governor.

According to the families, their husbands had travelled for an official meeting arranged by the state government, and were last seen in connection with the project.

“Credible accounts indicate that the victims were last seen in connection with official engagements linked to the Ebonyi Ring Road project,” the statement read, raising “legitimate questions” about attempts to attribute the incident to communal violence.

The wives alleged irregularities in the handling of the case by security agencies, particularly the Department of State Services and the Nigeria Police Force.

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They questioned why a DSS investigator, identified as Victor Chijioke Onyesom, was “suddenly sacked at the peak of his investigation,” alleging that he had been tracking communications linked to the case.

“Who influenced the conspiracy to terminate the investigation at DSS?” they asked.

The families also faulted the police for presenting skeletal remains without conducting DNA verification.

“The police presented them to the family as remains of the victims, but refused to do a DNA test.

“The test further showed that one of the five skeletal remains belonged to a female, whereas the five missing engineers are all men,” the statement said.

It further accused authorities of rushing to file charges against six suspects without concluding investigations or producing bodies.

“Without a doubt, the conspiracy in hurriedly filing the purported charge… was to tactically close the investigation… and shield the real culprits,” the wives said.

They added: “Where are the bodies of our husbands? You arrested their killers.”

The families also alleged intimidation after petitioning top government officials, including President Bola Tinubu, Senate President Godswill Akpabio, and House Speaker Tajudeen Abbas.

According to them, “an undisclosed person… threatened us not to push further for the reinvestigation of the case.”

Rejecting Umahi’s position outright, the wives said: “We totally reject David Umahi’s responses as misconceived and unfounded,” citing “interference in the investigative process, the sudden termination of the investigation, the removal of key investigators, and the suppression of critical evidence.”

They described the case as a “whitewash, cover-up, mischief, conspiracy, and plot to use the court to foreclose investigation.”

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The families called on the President, National Assembly leadership, and civil society groups to compel security agencies to reopen the case.

“We will have no option but to embark on another protest if the investigation is not reopened.

“The blood of our dear husbands will never go in vain,” the wives said.

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