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Who Is Ayatollah Arafi? 10 Key Things To Know About Iranian Supreme Leader

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Iran’s interim leadership council has appointed Ayatollah Alireza Arafi as the clerical member of the body now exercising the powers of the late Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

Arafi officially assumed the role on March 1, 2026, in accordance with Article 111 of the Iranian Constitution, which provides for a temporary leadership structure pending the selection of a new Supreme Leader by the Assembly of Experts.

Article 111 stipulates that in the event of the death or incapacitation of a Supreme Leader, a temporary leadership council assumes the responsibilities of the office until a permanent successor is chosen.

With Khamenei’s death, the interim council has now begun overseeing the functions traditionally exercised by Iran’s highest political and religious authority.

Arafi’s appointment places him at the centre of this sensitive transition, as the country navigates a period of political uncertainty.

As a senior Shi’a cleric, Arafi is widely regarded as a figure with influence across Iran’s major institutions, including the military establishment, the judiciary and the religious seminaries.

Until the Assembly of Experts concludes its deliberations and selects a permanent Supreme Leader, Arafi and other members of the interim council will collectively exercise the constitutional powers attached to the office.

Ten key facts about the acting Iranian leader:

1. Born in 1959 in Meybod, Yazd Province, Arafi rose through Iran’s clerical ranks over several decades.

2. Ayatollah Alireza Arafi practices Islam, follows the Twelver Shi’a denomination, adheres to Ja‘fari jurisprudence, and upholds the Usuli creed.

3. In Qom, he completed his primary school education. At the same time, he began his seminary courses and preliminary courses. Later, he also attended seminary courses and learned Arabic and English. Furthermore, he studied mathematics and philosophy. (Qom is widely regarded as Iran’s religious capital and a major centre of Shi’a scholarship).

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4. Arafi has attained the rank of mujtahid because of his expertise in Islamic jurisprudence and philosophy, and he has authored and co‑authored numerous works on these subjects — including the book Education Jurisprudence (Al‑Fiqh Al‑Tarbawi). Some of his academic articles, published in Iranian journals, cover topics such as Islamic jurisprudence, educational law, and social issues.

5. Between 2008 and 2018, he was President of Al-Mustafa International University, an institution that trains clerics and religious scholars from Iran and abroad.

6. He has served as the Friday Prayer Imam of Qom since 2015.

7. Since 2016, Arafi has headed Iran’s nationwide seminary system, overseeing religious education nationwide.

8. Arafi holds the religious title of Ayatollah, a rank accorded to high-level Shi’a clerics with advanced theological scholarship.

9. He has served as a member of the Guardian Council since 2019, a powerful constitutional body responsible for vetting legislation and supervising elections in Iran.

10. He has also been a member of the Assembly of Experts since 2022, a clerical institution constitutionally mandated to appoint and oversee the Supreme Leader.

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I’m A Christian But I Use Charms – Sunday Igboho

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Yoruba nation agitator, Sunday Adeyemo, also known as Sunday Igboho, has sparked reactions after revealing that he practices Christianity while also using traditional charms.

It was reports that the activist made this known in a video going viral on social media.

In the clip, he was speaking before a group of traditional rulers, where he talked about his religious background, family history, and spiritual life.

He explained that being a Christian does not stop him from making use of charms.

Igboho said he was born into a Christian home and grew up in the church.

However, he also stated that he was trained in traditional practices from a young age.

According to him, his father is a known babalawo based in Modakeke, and this influenced his knowledge of traditional spirituality.

He added that he relates to people of different religions and does not see a problem in combining beliefs.

While speaking, he mentioned Islamic cleric Muideen Ajayi Bello as an example of someone from a different faith, saying that religion does not prevent interaction among people with different backgrounds.

Sunday Igboho was born in Igboho, a historic town in the Oke-Ogun area of Oyo State.

His family later moved to Modakeke in Osun State, where he spent his early years.

He said, “I am a Christian, but I use charms. I do all religions. Even Islamic father, Muideen Ajayi Bello is a Muslim, I am a Christian. I was born in church, but I do charms. I was trained in the act. Everyone knows my father is a babalawo in Modakeke.”

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Felicia Adetoun Ogunseye: Nigeria’s First Female Professor

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Professor Felicia Adetowun Ogunseye (née Banjo) holds the historic distinction of being Nigeria’s first female professor. A pioneer in Library and Information Science, she built a career that permanently transformed opportunities for women in higher education across the country.

Early Life and Education

Born on December 5, 1926, in Benin City, Ogunseye began breaking barriers early in life.

In 1946, she became the first female student admitted to Yaba Higher College, an institution then overwhelmingly male.

By 1948, she graduated with a teaching diploma, becoming its first female graduate.

Her academic journey continued abroad at the University of Cambridge, where she earned a Bachelor of Arts in Geography (1952) and later a Master of Arts (1956). She became the first Nigerian woman to receive a degree from Cambridge.

In 1962, she obtained a Master’s in Library Science from Simmons College (now Simmons University), equipping her for a distinguished career in librarianship, scholarship, and institutional development.

Academic Milestones

In 1973, Ogunseye was appointed Professor at the University of Ibadan, making her:

Nigeria’s first female professor

The first Professor of Library and Information Science in Nigeria

Between 1977 and 1979, she served as Dean of the Faculty of Education, becoming the first woman to hold a dean’s position in any Nigerian university. She retired in 1987 after decades of mentoring students and shaping Nigeria’s academic landscape.

Advocacy and National Impact

Beyond the university, Professor Ogunseye championed:

Women’s access to higher education

School library development nationwide

Children’s literacy initiatives

She founded the Abadina Media Resources Centre in Ibadan and worked as a consultant for international organisations including UNESCO and the World Bank. Her work consistently emphasized the connection between information access, education, and national development.

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Family Background

Professor Ogunseye came from a family marked by remarkable achievement and historical tragedy.
Her younger brother, Victor Adebukunola Banjo, was a senior officer in the Biafran Army during the Nigerian Civil War. He was executed on September 25, 1967, on allegations of plotting a coup against Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu.

Another brother, Ademola Banjo, excelled academically—graduating with a first-class degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Manchester in 1952 and later becoming the first Nigerian to earn a doctorate in Metallurgical Engineering in 1954.

Legacy

Now in her late nineties, Professor Felicia Adetowun Ogunseye remains a living symbol of courage, intellect, and perseverance. Her life story reflects the journey of a woman who entered institutions not originally designed for her, reshaped them through excellence, and left doors permanently open for generations of Nigerian women scholars.

Honors

Ogunsheye has received numerous accolades, including the Ford International Fellowship (1961), the Honorary D.L.S. from Simmons College (1969), the Fulbright Fellowship for Senior African Scholars (1980), and the Decade of Women Certificate of Merit for Outstanding Achievement (1985). She was named a Fellow of the Nigerian Library Association (1982) and the Nigerian Academy of Education (1985). In 1990, she was awarded an Honorary Doctor of Letters (D.Litt.) from the University of Maiduguri. She was also given the chieftaincy title of Iyalaje of Ile-Oluji in 1982. The University of Ibadan honored her by naming a female postgraduate hall after her.

Works

Ogunsheye’s academic publications include:

“The Role and Status of Women in Nigeria” (1960)
“A Preliminary Bibliography of the Yoruba Language” (1963)
“Library Education in Nigeria” (1968)
“Problem of Bibliographic Services in Nigeria” (1969)
“The Future of Library Education in Africa” (1976)
“Abadina Media Resource Centre: A Case Study in Library Service to Primary Schools” (1979)
She also edited Nigerian Women and Development (1988) and authored A Break in the Silence: A Historical Note on Lt. Colonel Victor Adebukunola Banjo (2001).
Children’s Books
My Alphabet Reading Book (1993)
My First Alphabet Book: A B C (1996)
My First Number Book: 1 2 3 (1996)
Lara and Kariba (2003)

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Archives

Her archives are now accessible to researchers, and the finding aids are available online.

Source

University of Ibadan archival records

Punch newspapers

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CHIEF OBAFEMI AWOLOWO (1909 – 1987)

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The last two years of Chief Obafemi Awolowo as Premier of Western Region was concentrated on efforts to develop YORUBALAND and write his own name in the book of Legends.

He incorporated: *Western Hotels* which invested in:

1) _Premier Hotel,
2) _Lafia hotels in Ibadan
3) _Lagos Airport Hotel respectively.

He set up:

*Western Nigeria Development Corporation* to finance mega corporations. This was established in 1958.

It encouraged plantation development with six agricultural plantations covering 20,517 acres in collabo-ration with Cooperative societies, eleven additional plantations covering 8,468 acres with crops ranging from Cocoa , Rubber, Oil Palm, Citrus, Cashew and Coffee had been put in place all over the region.

WNDC, a clearing house for multitude of companies, established for the rapid industrial development and revolution of the region.

Among them were:

1. _WAPCO at Ewekoro for cement, with enough capacity to serve the whole country.
2. _Nigerite Ltd, producing asbestos and roofing sheets,
3. _National Bank,
4. _Wema Bank,
5. _Nigerian General Insurance,
6. _Great Nigeria Insurance,
7. _Gravil Enthoven and coy,
8. _Vegetables Oil Ltd,
9. _Cocoa Processing Industry Ogba Ikeja,
10. _Odua Textile Mills Ltd,
11. _Wrought Iron Ltd,
12. _Union beverages Ltd, 13. Sungass company,
14. _Wemabod estates, owner of Western House tallest building, then on Broad Street, and other es-tates,
15. _Western livestocks,
16. _Fisheries services Ltd,
17. _Caxton Press,
18. _Epe Plywood,
19. _Asakar Paints,
20. _Nigeria Crafts and Bags Ltd,
21. _Nipol Plastics in Ibadan,
22. _Phoenix Motors.
Also, he opened up biggest industrial layouts in:
i. Ibadan, Oluyole and
ii. Lagos Oba Akran axis and
iii. *Ilupeju in Mushin axis with over 120 factories* for mass production of different needs & gave birth to:
23. _Nigeria Textile Mills,
24. _West Africa Breweries,
25. _Dunlop Tyres,
26. _Crittal Hope Aluminum,
27. _Tower Aluminium,
28. _Solel Boneh,
29. _Nidogas,
30. _Nigeria Wire and Cables in Ilupeju.

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Odua Investments was the largest conglomerates in Nigeria as at 2004 with assets worth over N10 tril-lion.

Chief Jeremiah Obafemi Awolowo paid the Western Nigeria Civil servants, the highest salaries far above Federal government.

So much jobs were created by vast industrialisation drives.

All these were achieved without Oil revenue between1951-1959. He also touched the road construction with bitumen & laid road network covering over 2,000 kilometers throughout the region.

Other achievements of his regime are:

1. _Cocoa House, the tallest building in West Africa for decades,

2. _Liberty Stadium, the most modern in the entire African,

3. _Western Nigeria Television & Broadcasting Service (WNTV/WNBS), the first Radio & Television Sta-tions in Africa,

4. _Many General Hospitals and Dispensaries in rural area.

5. _Free Education at primary school level.

6. _His effort in Cooperative society development gave birth to establishment of Cooperative Bank in 1953 and Cooperative College.

The eight years most of this present Governors spend, was the same with Pa Awolowo, covering what comprises 8 states nowadays, yet he achieved so much. Most of our present day Governors could not mention one world class company, corporate institution or industry set up to create jobs for teaming youths being turned out year in, year out, by our ivory towers.

Today leaders should at least emulate our late sage foot steps instead of all the temporary empower-ment programs (Motor cycle, Keke Napep, Pepper grinding machine, Cassava grinding machine, Deep freezer, Fridge, Clipper etc) being used to cajole the electorates at the turn of election every four years.

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A time will come in this nation that people aspiring for position must show a well laid out plan before the electorate.

The cash and carry politics will fail as it’s the practise in developed nation.

Let us always look forward to lasting legacies.

*OBAFEMI AWOLOWO* was obviously ahead of his peers and till today no living or deceased Nigerian has surpassed his achievements.

You wonder why the southwest Nigeria did well.

In the 1990s, Nigeria Textile Mills, Oba Akran Ikeja alone employed over 4,000 workers before the mili-tary mismanagement of economy killed the company with unfriendly company policies.

*Can we ever find a leader like this man in Nigeria again?*

*Indisputable fact*

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