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FAAC deductions gulp 41% of N84tn revenue in three years

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Nigeria’s federation revenues rose to N84tn over the past three years, but 41 per cent of these earnings was lost to pre-distribution deductions, significantly shrinking what is eventually shared among the three tiers of government, findings by the PUNCH have revealed.

Latest fiscal data obtained from the World Bank’s Nigeria Development Update, analysed by our correspondent on Tuesday, showed that total gross revenues climbed from N17.08tn in 2023 to N29.45tn in 2024 and N37.44tn in 2025, bringing cumulative earnings to N83.97tn within the period.

However, deductions from the Federation Account also surged from N6.22tn in 2023 to N13.38tn in 2024 and N14.93tn in 2025, amounting to a combined N34.53tn over the three years.

This means that about 41.1 per cent of total revenues was deducted at source before distribution to the three tiers of government, reducing their share.

The development comes amid deepening fiscal pressure, a widening budget deficit, and a growing appetite for borrowing, which has significantly pushed Nigeria’s public debt to $110.3bn, equivalent to about N159.2tn as of 31 December 2025, raising concerns about sustainability and debt servicing capacity.

The World Bank in the report said this growing wave of first-line deductions from the Federation Account is quietly eroding the revenues available to federal, state, and local governments, despite a surge in overall earnings driven by recent economic reforms.

In its latest Nigeria Development Update titled ‘Nigeria’s Tomorrow Must Start Today: The Case for Early Childhood Development’, the global lender warned that allocations to key government agencies now consume a significant portion of national revenues before they are even shared, effectively shrinking the fiscal space available for development.

A breakdown further shows that deductions accounted for 36.4 per cent of revenue in 2023, rose sharply to 45.4 per cent in 2024, and moderated slightly to 39.9 per cent in 2025.

The data indicates that while revenues grew 72.4 per cent between 2023 and 2024, and 27.1 per cent between 2024 and 2025, deductions increased even faster, jumping 115.1 per cent between 2023 and 2024, and 11.6 per cent between 2024 and 2025.

The increase in deductions was largely driven by higher transfers to Ministries, Departments and Agencies funded through fixed percentages of gross revenue collections.

These agencies include the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission, Nigerian Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Authority, Nigeria Customs Service, Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited, and others.

The report noted that by 2025, some of these deductions had grown so large that individual agencies were receiving more funds than several Nigerian states.

The World Bank noted that while Nigeria’s revenue performance has improved following the removal of the petrol subsidy and foreign exchange reforms, the structure of deductions means that much of the gains are automatically diverted.

The report stated, “Large FAAC deductions to MDAs significantly reduce net revenues available to the federation.

“FAAC first-line deductions to federal MDAs have increased sharply, reducing net distributable revenues and altering the balance of fiscal resources across the federation.”

An analysis of the data showed that total deductions rose from N6.22tn in 2023 to N13.38tn in 2024, representing a sharp 115 per cent increase, before climbing further to N14.93tn in 2025, an additional 11.6 per cent rise.

Within this, transfers to MDAs for the cost of collection and refunds surged from N1.88tn in 2023 to N4.18tn in 2025, more than doubling over the period.

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Refunds to subnational governments and other statutory obligations also spiked significantly, jumping from N1.52tn in 2023 to N6.87tn in 2024, before moderating to N4.57tn in 2025.

The report stressed that by 2025, the scale of these deductions had become so large that some agencies were receiving more funds than entire states.

“In 2025, total FAAC transfers to these MDAs exceeded the revenues of many Nigerian states, and several individual agencies received more than the average state’s total revenue,” the World Bank noted. “These deductions also surpassed budget allocations to major social and growth-orientated federal ministries.”

The rising deductions also surpassed federal spending on key social and economic sectors, further limiting the government’s ability to fund infrastructure and development projects.

A closer look at the composition of deductions showed that refunds to subnational governments and statutory transfers accounted for a large share, alongside cost-of-collection charges by revenue-generating agencies.

For instance, refunds rose sharply from N1.52tn in 2023 to N6.87tn in 2024, before moderating to N4.57tn in 2025, while cost-of-collection transfers increased steadily to N4.18tn in 2025.

The Washington-based institution warned that because these deductions are applied before revenues are shared by the Federation Account Allocation Committee, a large portion of national income is effectively “pre-committed”.

“A growing share of federation resources is effectively pre-committed, reducing transparency and compressing fiscal space for the three tiers of government,” it added.

The report comes amid a broader improvement in Nigeria’s revenue profile, particularly from non-oil sources.

Data showed that aggregate revenues across states rose from N12.1tn in 2024 to N15.4tn in 2025, driven largely by stronger FAAC inflows linked to higher tax collections and gains from subsidy reforms.

However, the World Bank cautioned that these gains are being undermined by rising deductions and spending pressures at the federal level.

The report explained, “While revenue administration has strengthened, the bulk of the increase reflects higher nominal revenues following the removal of the FX and PMS subsidies. Because many deductions are structured as fixed percentages of gross collections, the revenue windfall automatically translated into proportionally larger transfers to MDAs. In 2025, total FAAC transfers to these MDAs exceeded the revenues of many Nigerian states, and several individual agencies received more than the average state’s total revenue. These FAAC deductions to MDAs also surpassed budget allocations to major social and growth-orientated federal ministries. Because many of these charges are applied before revenue distribution, a growing share of federation resources is effectively pre-committed, reducing transparency and compressing fiscal space for the three tiers of government.”

Despite higher revenues, the Federal Government’s fiscal deficit remained elevated at about 3.8 per cent of GDP in 2025, equivalent to N16.9tn, as increased recurrent expenditure offset revenue growth.

Total government spending rose to about N29.7tn, driven by higher personnel costs, rising debt servicing, and large off-budget deductions for special interventions, including N1.1tn for military-related spending and N900bn for the Renewed Hope development programme.

Capital expenditure declined from N5.5tn in 2024 to N4.5tn in 2025, with only 24 per cent of the approved capital budget implemented, limiting the impact of public investment on economic growth.

The World Bank also highlighted structural weaknesses in Nigeria’s budgeting process, including delayed budget approvals and lack of transparency in fiscal operations.

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“The absence of a comprehensive organic budget law has weakened the formulation process, leading to delays, unrealistic projections, and reduced predictability for programme execution,” it stated.

Commenting, the Chief Executive Officer of CSA Advisory and a development economist, Aliyu Ilias, aligned with the World Bank’s recommendations and raised concerns over Nigeria’s current revenue management framework, warning that the structure of first-line deductions to MDAs is undermining fiscal discipline and weakening budget transparency.

Speaking in a telephone interview on the growing debate around deductions from the Federation Account, Ilias said the practice of allowing MDAs to access revenue directly at source creates room for unaccounted spending and distorts the national budgeting process.

He argued that the system has created a parallel spending structure outside formal budget approval, where some government projects are executed without legislative capture or proper fiscal oversight.

He said, “If you look at it generally, I think it’s a core angle to the way we do our revenue and the way it is managed. So, I think it’s wrong for MDAs to get revenue from the source, and I can also tell that a lot of projects are being done that are not captured in the budget. So that is the fundamental and fiscal problem. I think it is a good one that this issue is now looked into by the World Bank, and if you look at it, 41 per cent is too high as a deduction from the source.”

Ilias described the situation as a structural weakness in Nigeria’s public finance management, stressing that the increasing scale of deductions, estimated at about 41 per cent of total revenues, poses serious concerns for fiscal sustainability.

According to him, while the current revenue structure may provide some administrative convenience for agencies, it significantly reduces the pool of funds available for distribution and development spending across all tiers of government.

He, however, expressed scepticism about the likelihood of full implementation of proposed reforms aimed at restructuring the deduction system, noting that entrenched institutional interests may resist change.

“We can get fiscal discipline and get things right, but I doubt if the federal government would want to implement this policy because the government carries out some activities even before they consider others. They see it as their own priority and their decision,” he noted.

The economist added that Nigeria must return to a more structured fiscal framework anchored on clear revenue rules, budget discipline, and transparent allocation processes in line with established fiscal policy guidelines.

“For me generally, I think we have to follow our fiscal policy that has to do with revenue and revenue sharing,” he said.

Ilias further noted that state governors are also increasingly aware of the implications of rising deductions, arguing that the current system may inadvertently strengthen demands from subnational governments for greater fiscal allocation.

“I am sure governors are also exposed to this, and they would want to ask for more things for themselves because they keep an eye on them,” he said. “It would also give them the opportunity to request more, and they would have more disposable money to actually spend.”

He warned that without reforms, Nigeria risks deepening fiscal fragmentation, where competing interests among tiers of government continue to strain the Federation Account and weaken national development planning.

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Meanwhile, the Bank has called for a major overhaul of Nigeria’s revenue retention framework, warning that the continued use of fixed percentage deductions for MDAs is undermining fiscal efficiency and shrinking funds available for national development.

The recommendation formed part of a broader policy assessment which argued that sustaining recent gains in revenue performance will require rationalising cost-of-collection arrangements and shifting all MDA financing to transparent budgetary appropriations.

According to the analysis, several federal agencies are still funded directly from gross revenue collections through statutory deductions, rather than through the annual budget process.

These include allocations such as 4 per cent of non-oil revenues and royalties to the Federal Inland Revenue Service, seven per cent of customs collections to the Nigeria Customs Service, 0.5 per cent of non-oil revenues to the Revenue Mobilisation, Allocation and Fiscal Commission, and three per cent of Value Added Tax to the North East Development Commission.

The report noted that such arrangements, while designed to ensure predictable funding for key institutions, now pose significant challenges to fiscal discipline.

It said, “Further consolidation of recent gains will require rationalising remaining cost-of-collection arrangements and transitioning MDA financing to transparent budget appropriations. Several MDAs continue to be financed through fixed percentages of gross revenues, such as four per cent to NRS from non-oil revenues and royalties, seven per cent to NCS from customs revenues, 0.5 per cent to RAMFAC from non-oil revenues, and three per cent to NEDC from VAT, rates that are high compared to other peer countries. These ad valorem arrangements create pro-cyclical funding dynamics and directly reduce the net revenues available for development spending.”

It argued that fixed percentage deductions directly reduce the net revenues available for distribution to the federal, state, and local governments, thereby limiting resources for infrastructure, health, education, and other development priorities.

To address these challenges, the analysis recommended a gradual transition to a system where all revenue agencies and regulatory bodies are funded through explicit budget appropriations, subject to annual legislative approval.

Under this model, funding would be debated, approved, and monitored through the normal budget cycle, rather than automatically deducted at source.

The policy paper further recommended a gradual reduction in cost-of-collection rates, particularly where existing mandates have either expired or become redundant.

It argued that phasing out such deductions would immediately increase net inflows into FAAC, boosting distributable revenues across all tiers of government.

“Transitioning to a model in which revenue agencies and regulatory bodies are funded through explicit budget appropriations, subject to annual legislative approval, performance oversight, and audit, would strengthen fiscal discipline and accountability. Gradually lowering excessive cost-of-collection rates and phasing out earmarked deductions where mandates have lapsed would increase net FAAC distributions to the federation. Complementary measures, including the publication of audited financial statements and strengthened independent oversight, would further reinforce transparency and confidence in the revenue-sharing system,” it added.

The report also called for stronger transparency measures, including the publication of audited financial statements by revenue-collecting agencies and enhanced independent oversight of deduction frameworks.

The reforms, if implemented, could significantly improve fiscal efficiency and increase the funds available for infrastructure and social investment at all levels of government.

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FG to end regulated gas pricing in 2028

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Nigeria is set to end regulated pricing in the domestic gas market by September 24, 2028, as the Nigerian Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Authority targets a transition to a fully established willing-buyer, willing-seller framework.

The Chief Executive of NMDPRA, Rabiu Umar, disclosed this on Thursday at the Gas Market Maturity Workshop organised under the Decade of Gas initiative at the Petroleum Technology Development Fund, Abuja.

Umar said the transition would be based on measurable conditions that demonstrate the maturity of different segments of the gas market, in line with the provisions of the Petroleum Industry Act.

“Gas must be affordable for Nigerians while supporting President Ahmed Tinubu’s investment reforms. This transition is in line with the Nigeria decade of gas goal to become a gas-powered economy by 2030,” he stated.

He said the PIA envisaged a shift from a market largely coordinated through regulation to one driven increasingly by commercial contracts between willing buyers and willing sellers.

“Invariably, this is the first time that we have been bold enough to set a clear target for our gas market transition,” he noted.

According to Umar, the authority was targeting a 24-month period to establish the conditions required to declare the market a fully functioning willing-buyer, willing-seller market.

“The journey we are starting should lead us to a place where we should target a 24-month at best period within which we will be able to declare the market to be truly a willing-buyer, willing-seller market.”

He stressed that the transition must not be based on broad statements of intent but on clearly defined indicators, thresholds and safeguards.

Umar identified supply availability and diversity, the number and quality of buyers and sellers, access to transportation infrastructure, strength of contracts, payment reliability, delivery obligations, market information and credible price signals as key indicators of market maturity.

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The NMDPRA boss, however, said Nigeria’s domestic gas supply remained tight despite the country’s vast gas resources, stressing that infrastructure development must be matched by sufficient gas molecules to utilise the infrastructure.

“If you look at supply, for example, on the domestic side, it is still tight, no matter how you look at it. We have a lot of work to do in our infrastructure space,” he said. “The focus right now is not just delivering the infrastructure, but ensuring that we have enough molecules to fill the pipeline,” he added.

Umar specifically stressed the need to ensure that major gas infrastructure projects, including the Ajaokuta-Kaduna-Kano pipeline, had sufficient gas supply to make them commercially useful.

He said the role of the regulator would also evolve as the market developed, with greater emphasis on establishing market rules, ensuring fair access, protecting competition and monitoring market conduct.

The NMDPRA chief executive disclosed that the authority had commenced consultations on draft regulations on anti-competitive practices, aimed at translating the competition provisions of the PIA into enforceable regulatory rules.

He also called for a realistic assessment of the different segments of the Nigerian gas market, noting that they were at different stages of development.

According to him, the sequencing of the transition would require determining which market segments were ready to move first, the thresholds they must meet and the safeguards required before liberalisation.

Umar further disclosed that the authority was nearing the conclusion of the process for the issuance of gas distribution licences, with the exercise expected to be completed in the coming weeks.

He said qualified companies would be issued gas distribution licences in the fourth quarter of 2026.

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The NMDPRA boss also said the authority was working to deepen domestic utilisation of liquefied petroleum gas and liquefied natural gas, stressing that increased domestic utilisation of the country’s gas resources would be an important indicator of economic growth.

He said the government was also seeking to expand the use of compressed natural gas, while several LNG and gas-to-power projects were being developed across the country.

According to him, greater domestic gas utilisation could support power generation, reduce dependence on imports and minimise transmission losses associated with moving electricity over long distances.

He added that the authority was committed to creating a predictable, coherent and transparent regulatory environment capable of attracting long-term investment into the gas sector.

Umar said gas projects required substantial upfront investment and long-term contracts before investors and financiers could commit capital.

“For you to take an FID in a gas investment, you need to have a long-term contract,” he said, adding that the authority was willing to engage with individual projects to identify regulatory measures that could support their development.

Also speaking, the Coordinating Director of the Decade of Gas Secretariat, Ed Ubong, said Nigeria could achieve a willing-buyer, willing-seller gas market before the end of the first horizon of the Decade of Gas programme in 2030.

Ubong said the programme had identified clear markers for achieving the target, including increasing gas supply to 12.6 billion cubic feet per day by 2030.

He said 16 key infrastructure projects were expected to support the growth of the gas market, while more than 60 projects capable of creating about 15 billion cubic feet per day of gas demand had been identified on the demand side.

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He noted that a mature gas market would also require the development of a successful gas-to-power market and greater access to cooking gas.

In her speech, the President of the Nigerian Gas Association, Engr. Mrs Yetunde Taiwo, said the transition to a willing-buyer, willing-seller market must be driven by clearly defined milestones.

Taiwo said the NGA had consistently advocated for a commercially driven gas market but stressed that the transition must be properly sequenced to avoid moving either prematurely or too slowly.

“As NGA, what we would like to see really is to see those goalposts, those milestones that have been set, that makes it a realistic journey for us to say we have achieved a willing buyer, willing seller status.”

According to her, Nigeria had made significant progress in the gas industry over the past decade, but substantial work remained to be done.

She called for stronger collaboration between government, regulators and industry, with government providing clear policy direction, regulators establishing predictable rules, and industry continuing to invest, innovate and execute projects.

Taiwo said the ultimate objective should be a gas market capable of attracting investment, encouraging greater participation and delivering reliable gas to industries, businesses and consumers.

Source: punchng.com

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State police will tackle food inflation – Lagos Food Bank founder reveals

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Founder/Executive Director of Lagos Food Bank Initiative, Dr Michael Sunbola, tells FELIX OLOYEDE how the not-for-profit organisation is helping Lagos residents overcome hunger

What inspired the Green Harvest Agri-food Initiative?

Green Harvest, of course, is an additional layer of the solution to hunger and malnutrition in Nigeria. On the broad spectrum, I’ve had a journey of being a humanitarian and a food system activist. That journey spans over 10 years already. What brought me to the development and humanitarian space still boils down to my childhood experience. And, of course, experiencing food insecurity, going to school, and not having lunch in school. And, of course, that kind of had an impact. In the sense that I was not interested in school; I felt I should be somewhere else rather than school. And I look at what impact that might actually be having on several families right now, several children. And, of course, that gave birth to the Lagos Food Bank, which then translated into serving families. And thereafter, the Green Harvest Agri-Food Initiative started to create a more sustainable pathway for beneficiaries to fend for themselves. Because we realise that the truth is we cannot distribute our way out of hunger. There has to be a more sustainable pathway for beneficiaries to fend for themselves, earn a decent income, become more economically viable, and grow healthy food by themselves while improving their income. So, that is what Green Harvest is about. I must also mention that Green Harvest focuses on curbing food waste.

Through the Agricultural Recovery Programme under Green Harvest, we partner with local farmers to recover surplus post-harvest produce. And then we, of course, have that redistributed to beneficiaries who are mostly in need of their daily meals. So instead of having a whole lot of food go to waste on the farms, what we do is partner with these local farmers and recover surpluses from them.

Do the farmers from whom you collect waste give it to you for free, or do you pay them?

We collect these items from them for a stipend. For instance, they might have sold a bunch of farm produce for maybe N500,000, and we pay them N50,000. Because instead of it going to waste, they could use that money to buy seedlings. So, it’s a stipend. It can’t be compared to the value. But if they don’t even get that, the entire produce goes to waste.

We see it as a way of supporting the farmers. So at least, it won’t be a total loss for them.

So, they can still buy seedlings; they can still do some basic things while we capture the rest and redistribute them.

How does this initiative plug into the initial objectives you had when you started the Lagos Food Bank 10 years ago?

The Green Harvest Agri-food initiative is the future of what we are doing at the Lagos Food Bank. Because we are now looking at food production, we are looking at empowerment for beneficiaries and getting them out of the hunger line. We are looking at also using the initiative to empower more families on a large scale. Also going to large-scale food production. So, most of what we are doing currently, while we understand it, still kind of focuses on interventions that are more into consumption. This focuses more on production, covering food waste and empowerment. We are also looking at smart agriculture. And some other innovations that are still coming in agriculture, like the Black Soldier Fly and all of that. All of it comes under Green Harvest Africa, Green Harvest Agri-Food Initiative.

In the short term, like five years, how much are you thinking of investing in this initiative?

In the next five years, I might not be able to give a specific figure for what would go into an investment. Because it is not a limited liability company, it is still a non-profit. But in terms of investment, we are still looking at how we are going to work with other development partners and how they can plug into investing. We might not be able to project value accurately, but we know we’ll be working with a lot of development partners.

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What size of farm are you targeting?

We, of course, are looking at having farms. Right now, we are starting in the South-West.

Oyo State, Ogun State and the like. And the idea is for us to kind of control the supply chain for Lagos Food Bank. And we call that backward integration, where instead of getting some of this food, buying it, we could actually be producing it and then also serving it. It’s more like an initiative that helps us control our supply chain and helps improve income for beneficiaries. Because we are controlling our own supply chain through backward integration, we are also going to work with beneficiaries to empower them to grow their own food through backyard farming. There’s one for Lagos Food Bank, and there’s one for beneficiaries, like decentralised kind of farming where beneficiaries have their own farm in their backyards. It’s all part of the Green Harvest Aagri-food Initiative.

The United Nations, one of its agencies, said about 35 million Nigerians are facing hunger. What do you think is responsible for this large number of hungry people in the country? And how do you think we can tackle it holistically?

Hunger in Nigeria is widespread. It boils down to economic policies, the high cost of living, and the cost of fuel and other essential commodities. And when people can barely earn enough to make a living and sustain themselves, it, of course, leads to hunger and poverty. The NBS report, I think in 2023 or 2024, corroborates the fact that more than 60 per cent of our population are multidimensionally poor. Poverty breeds hunger and hunger breeds malnutrition.

I know there are short-term plans and there are long-term plans. We still have to look, in the short term, at how we can create more economic opportunities for people to earn a decent living. And how can the government look at some of its policies that would, of course, have a long-term impact on reducing the economic burden on the average person? And then we need to invest more in agriculture. We need to look at opening the borders, reducing the cost of food, and empowering more farmers to produce more food. It’s a matter of demand and supply. Food inflation is around 25 per cent or so. And we have the overall food inflation and headline inflation basically. So, if we are looking at all of this put together, they are major drivers of the high cost of food basically. Food prices should be reduced so the average person can afford food and, of course, eat decently and nutritiously.

The Family Farming Programme, under the Green Harvest Agri-food Initiative, focuses on training households in farming techniques. What successes have you recorded so far?

So far, we’ve empowered close to 6,000 families, women and youth. Families or households? Women, basically women and youth.  Because women, of course, empower the family. They produce and help the families in the long run. We’ve done direct beneficiaries over 6,000. And as we speak, they have their farms in their backyards; they have livestock; they are growing vegetables. But mainly, much of the income they make comes from livestock. Chickens, snails and the impact of our backyard farming is widespread as we speak.

And we are able to partner with a number of corporate organisations and institutional developments and institutions as well to kind of scale the Backyard Farming Programme. This is one of the most impactful programmes we currently run under the Green Harvest Agri-Food Initiative. And of course, you can look it up where you see the impacts are there.

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The country still faces high post-harvest loss. How is the Agricultural Recovery Company of the Green Harvest working to rescue these losses?

So, essentially, we work with local farmers, smallholder farmers. And we also work with large-scale commercial farms to recover their surpluses, to cut food waste and to reduce the impact of the amount of food that goes into landfills. This, of course, drives climate change. But the most important thing is: how do we reduce food waste across the entire agricultural value chain? From the farmers, from the food processing companies, or from the entire value chain, basically. Food loss and waste happen across the value chain. And what we do is we partner with these farms. They call us, “We have excess; come and pick it up.” We do the cleaning, we do the harvesting, we do everything. Because we have the manpower to work with over 45,000 volunteers to achieve some of these recoveries from the farms.

We also work with corporates in large-scale food processing. They also call on us, and we can recover a lot of kilos.

Like last year, can you give me a figure of tonnes of food you were able to recover through this initiative?

Last year, working across the entire value chain with farmers and food processing companies, we were able to recover at least 45,000 kg. Yeah. No, kg. Could you convert this to tonnes and let’s see what we have? 45, to be small.

What is the black soldier fly all about?

Black soldier fly farming helps convert organic waste into livestock feed, using one of the most innovative agricultural practices. And working with smallholder farmers to support them with livestock feed. For us, it is still in the early stages. In the next two to three years, we ought to have scaled this black soldier fly farming so we can produce more livestock feed and convert more organic waste, helping farmers with livestock feed.

You once said there is a need for government to give tax incentives to corporates who support food, who make food available for people. Why do you think government should give incentive to them?

What the government can do basically is to provide as much incentive for corporates who have taken it upon themselves to provide through their corporate social responsibilities, some form of support for vulnerable people. And the way it is done in other climes, when the corporate organisations put their resources together, they get incentive, they get tax returns, and such support is not treated as an income or expense, and you don’t tax expenses. But here, a whole lot of corporates that still do corporate social responsibility, they struggle to get such incentive from the government and tax bodies do not exempt that expense. So, if it’s not exempted, it’s part of profit which will be taxed. But if it’s an exempted expense, then it will not be, that way, they can get their returns. They won’t bear the burden.

So, that is even the least we’re expecting that the government could do or work with an organisation like ours to give such relief or exemptions to corporates that are supporting. But just to kind of give a bit of context to what I said earlier, the government creates the enabling environment; it creates support for farmers; it creates economic opportunities for people to fend for themselves. And then gives enough incentive to those who support.

How is insecurity threatening some of your agricultural initiatives?

It means that our current production cannot meet the demands of our population. So, what that implies is that it becomes a major driver of high food costs or food inflation. Because I think our issue here in Nigeria is kind of complex, in the sense that we are not just looking at how to increase yields or farmers’ production; we are dealing with a calculated effort as a result of insecurity towards farmers. When they attack farmers, they are not just afraid to go to the farm; production drops, and demand rises. So, it’s a major driver, and I believe one of the things I feel I think is high time the government implement is the state police. They’ve been on it for more than, for over a decade; in fact, more than two decades. The conversation around state police, I think, is that it’s high time it should be implemented.

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It was part of the current government’s campaign promises, and I think we are overripe for it. Honestly, state police should be implemented and fully actioned so that people’s lives, property and farmers can be protected across borders. And the state should take responsibility for its security.

So, you are saying that state police will help curb insecurity among farmers?

Yes. There’s nothing the Federal Government has done unilaterally that it does as efficiently as it does when it is decentralised. Look at NITEL, look at electricity, etc. If it’s centralised, they don’t have the bandwidth to carry it because of our population. The same point applies to the police. Decentralise it; let the state take responsibility, and that will reduce and depopulate what we have on the exclusive legislative list and move it more to the concurrent list. Let the state take responsibility; let the Federal Government take responsibility. And then decentralise it; the effort is better felt that way.

What are the biggest opportunities and challenges for scaling up Green Harvest Agri-food Initiative nationwide?

The biggest opportunity for us still remains the partnerships we could leverage to scale our intervention across the country. The number of partnerships and how many, of course, people come on board, because we are not a business. We are a non-profit, so the only way we can scale is through partnerships, and because many people still need this empowerment and intervention, and the amount of food that still goes to waste across the entire value chain is massive. So, the opportunities are there.

What are the challenges?

The challenges are mainly limited funding, which still holds back how far we can go. As a non-profit, we can only work with partnerships. If there are no partnerships, there is limited funding. There is no funding, there is no impact. And another challenge could possibly be the fact that if we tend to kind of scale, if the issue of security is not addressed, we are still challenged in that; we are still in that particular pool of challenges that other farmers are facing.

How much support do you get from the government?

Currently, what we are doing is 100 per cent private-sector-driven. The government provides us much more support, but not in any financial terms. And to an extent, maybe personnel support. But finances, I can say categorically, not for now, but we are not foreclosing the possibility of working with the government in the future.

We believe we complement the government’s efforts to bring relief to people. And at the right time, we feel that if the government deems it fits, I think we should come on board. Of course, we have built enough capacity to help the government address the immediate and long-term needs of those in the line of work.

What is your vision for the Green Harvest Agri-food Initiative over the next decade?

Food production, empowerment on a large scale. So, we are looking at having at least a presence in all 36 states in Nigeria. And not just serving people directly, but empowering them and creating economic opportunities for families, for farmers. We also want to become a major player in Nigeria’s entire food system and ecosystem. We also want to be a major player in food production and humanitarian relief.

Source: punchng.com

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FG targets $1.2bn private funding for fibre project

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The Federal Government is seeking about $1.2bn in private capital for its planned 90,000-kilometre nationwide fibre network, as the project moves towards physical deployment in October with a newly incorporated company set up to drive its implementation.

Official records from the government and global financial institutions reviewed by The PUNCH show that $800m of the estimated $2bn cost of the Federal Government’s planned fibre network has so far been covered by sovereign financing commitments, leaving about $1.2bn of the project cost outstanding.

The $800m comprises a $500m World Bank facility approved in October 2025, a $100m loan from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development approved in February 2026, and a $200m African Development Bank loan approved in April, the records show.

The private capital is not a funding requirement that must be met before implementation can start. Rather, it forms the larger remaining portion of the project’s estimated $2bn capital envelope, which the Minister of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy, Bosun Tijani, pitched in 2024.

Strategic Communications Adviser to the Minister, Osibo Imhoitsike, told The PUNCH that Project BRIDGE had attracted substantial support from international development finance institutions and private-sector mobilisation through the transaction structure.

He confirmed that the sovereign financing secured to date included $500m from the World Bank, $200m from the African Development Bank and $100m from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. The European Union also provided a €22m grant for Project BRIDGE.

“The government has received a significant private sector investment offer as part of the PPP structure, and that process is currently being concluded,” Imhoitsike said.

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The minister, Tijani, confirmed in August that physical rollout was expected to begin in October. The October date follows the incorporation of Bridge Open Access, or Bridge OA, in August as the special-purpose vehicle for the project.

“The establishment of the company signalled that the project was moving into its implementation phase, with the industry now expecting the October rollout,” Telecom consultant Ejike Onyeaso told The PUNCH.

“The industry is really looking forward to that because it will help reduce costs for not just mobile network operators but also internet service providers that rely on fibre, particularly in the hinterlands and underserved areas.”

In March 2025, his ministry formally opened an investor consultation process, inviting private-sector players to express interest in the Special Purpose Vehicle for the rollout under a public-private partnership model.

In April 2026, Tijani stated, “We’re now mobilising the private sector to plug the remaining gap,” after noting that over $800m had been raised from the government and World Bank for the project. The project is designed to take the national network from the current 35,000km to roughly 125,000km.

The World Bank said the programme would help close the country’s digital divide by expanding affordable, high-speed broadband to communities that remain unserved or underserved.

“The BRIDGE project puts into action the bold and ambitious vision to unlock the potential of the digital economy in Nigeria, working alongside the private sector,” World Bank Country Director for Nigeria, Mathew Verghis, said.

“Access to fast and reliable internet will help to create more quality jobs for millions of Nigerians across all 774 LGAs in addition to improving the quality of essential services like education and healthcare.”

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Documents from the ministry show that investors are expected to hold a majority stake in Bridge OA, with equity ownership ranging from 51 per cent to 75 per cent and operational control of the company. The Federal Government, through the Ministry of Finance Incorporated, or MoFI, is expected to retain between 25 per cent and 49 per cent.

The structure is intended to bring private capital and operating expertise into a project in which the government is providing part of the financing while retaining a minority position.

Bridge OA will handle the financing and construction of the network and operate it as a wholesale open-access infrastructure company rather than a retail internet provider. It is expected to sell fibre capacity on equal and non-discriminatory terms to qualified operators, including telecommunications companies, internet service providers, banks and cloud providers, rather than directly serving end users.

The rollout had previously been targeted for the fourth quarter of 2025 or the first quarter of 2026, but large-scale construction was deferred as the government worked to establish the special-purpose vehicle, onboard private investors and complete the necessary procurement and implementation arrangements.

The project was initially expected to be implemented over about five years, with an initial target of roughly 30,000km in the first year before the pace increased as private capital and construction capacity were brought into the programme. Tijani has since revised the overall delivery period to three years, bringing forward the expected completion of the 90,000km network.

Source: punchng.com

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