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FG borrows N2.69tn from bond market in three months

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The Federal Government borrowed N2.69tn from the domestic bond market in the first quarter of 2026, as strong investor demand continued to drive subscriptions above offer levels despite tighter allotments, an analysis of Debt Management Office auction results has shown.

Data from the DMO for January, February, and March 2026 indicated that the total was raised through a combination of competitive and non-competitive allotments across the three months.

The figures showed that the government offered N2.45tn worth of bonds in the quarter, while investors submitted subscriptions totalling N5.88tn. Out of this, about 45.64 per cent was allotted, indicating that less than half of the total bids were accepted.

This also means that total subscriptions were about 240.14 per cent of the amount offered, reflecting a strong oversubscription level of more than two times the offer size. On a strictly competitive basis, the allotment ratio was slightly lower at about 43.42 per cent.

A year-on-year comparison showed that the government significantly increased its borrowing from the bond market. In the first quarter of 2025, total allotment stood at about N1.94tn, compared to N2.69tn in the same period of 2026, representing an increase of N750.08bn or 38.76 per cent.

Total subscriptions rose from N2.83tn in 2025 to N5.88tn in 2026, indicating a jump of N3.05tn or 107.71 per cent, while the amount offered increased from N1.10tn to N2.45tn.

Despite the stronger demand, the proportion of subscriptions accepted declined from about 68.32 per cent in the first quarter of 2025 to 45.64 per cent in 2026, suggesting a more cautious approach to borrowing.

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A breakdown of the 2026 figures showed that the bulk of the borrowing occurred in January. In January 2026, the government offered N900bn and received subscriptions of N2.25tn, with total allotment, including non-competitive allotments, standing at N1.68tn. This represented about 74.37 per cent of subscriptions and about 186.16 per cent of the amount offered.

Compared to January 2025, when N601.04bn was allotted, the January 2026 figure was higher by N1.07tn, representing a 178.75 per cent increase. Subscriptions also rose significantly from N669.94bn in January 2025.

In February 2026, the government offered N800bn and recorded subscriptions of N2.70tn, the highest monthly subscription in the quarter. However, only N524.28bn was allotted.

This translated to a subscription rate of about 337.40 per cent, while only 19.42 per cent of bids were accepted, indicating a wide gap between investor demand and actual borrowing.

Year-on-year, February 2026 recorded stronger demand but lower borrowing compared to February 2025, when N910.39bn was allotted from subscriptions of N1.63tn. This represents a decline of N386.11bn or 42.41 per cent in allotment despite higher subscriptions.

In March 2026, the government offered N750bn, received subscriptions of N931.50bn, and allotted N485.50bn. This represented a subscription rate of about 124.20 per cent, with about 52.12 per cent of subscriptions accepted.

Compared to March 2025, when total allotment stood at N423.68bn, the March 2026 figure reflected an increase of N61.82bn or 14.59 per cent.

Month-on-month analysis showed that the offer size declined steadily from N900bn in January to N800bn in February and N750bn in March. However, subscriptions rose from N2.25tn in January to N2.70tn in February before dropping sharply to N931.50bn in March.

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Similarly, total allotment fell from N1.68tn in January to N524.28bn in February and further to N485.50bn in March, indicating that borrowing was heavily concentrated in the first month of the quarter.

The auction results also showed that marginal rates declined significantly compared to the corresponding period of 2025, although there was a slight increase in March 2026.

In January 2026, marginal rates ranged between 17.50 per cent and 17.62 per cent, compared to between 21.79 per cent and 22.60 per cent in January 2025, indicating a sharp drop in borrowing costs.

In February 2026, rates declined further to a range of 15.50 per cent to 15.74 per cent, compared to about 19.20 per cent to 19.33 per cent in February 2025, showing a reduction of about 3.5 to 3.8 percentage points.

However, in March 2026, marginal rates rose slightly to between 16.00 per cent and 16.64 per cent. Despite this increase, rates remained below March 2025 levels, which ranged from 19.00 per cent to 19.99 per cent.

Overall, the data showed that while borrowing costs increased slightly towards the end of the quarter, they remained significantly lower than the levels recorded in the same period of 2025.

The trend suggests that the Federal Government benefited from improved market conditions and strong investor demand, even as it maintained a conservative stance on the volume of bids accepted during the period.

The PUNCH earlier reported that the Federal Government planned to raise N700bn from the domestic bond market in April 2026, extending a gradual reduction in offer size as it continues to navigate elevated borrowing costs.

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Details from the April 2026 Federal Government of Nigeria Bond Offer Circular issued by the Debt Management Office showed that the auction is scheduled for April 27, with settlement on April 29.

The issuance will be executed through the re-opening of existing instruments across three maturities, a strategy aimed at improving liquidity in benchmark securities.

The PUNCH earlier reported that the Federal Government’s domestic borrowings from financial market operators rose sharply in 2025 despite high interest rates, widening the gap between public and private sector access to credit.

A renowned economist and Chief Executive Officer of the Centre for the Promotion of Private Enterprise, Dr Muda Yusuf, earlier warned that rising Federal Government borrowing from the domestic financial system is increasingly crowding out the private sector, as banks favour low-risk, high-yield government securities over lending to businesses.

“The increase in credit to the government can be attributed to a number of factors. The government has been raising money to finance the deficit. So this financing of the deficit has led to the issuance of bonds, treasury bills, and so on, which banks also buy. The rate is also very attractive, and it’s more attractive to them than lending to the real sector,” Yusuf said. He further urged the government to moderate its borrowing.

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Nigerian, Indonesian firms sign $10m business deals

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Nigerian and Indonesian companies have signed business agreements worth a combined $10m to strengthen trade and economic cooperation between the two countries.

The Indonesian Ambassador to Nigeria, Bambang Suharto, disclosed this on Thursday during a memorandum of understanding signing ceremony involving Nigerian investors and their Indonesian counterparts at the 2026 Trade Expo Indonesia.

The agreements were among a broader collection of business commitments at the expo, where 55 memoranda of understanding involving Indonesian companies and international business partners were signed.

The participating countries included Nigeria, Australia, Canada, Chile, Germany, Hungary, Malaysia, Mexico, the Netherlands, Romania, South Africa, South Korea, Thailand, the United Arab Emirates and Vietnam.

The event had present ambassadors, diplomatic representatives, international buyers and business partners.

The occasion was highly praised as one of the significant moments of the 2026 Trade Expo Indonesia which kickstarted and was declared opened on Wednesday.

Suharto speaking to Journalists described the agreements involving Nigerian and Indonesian companies as a historic development, expressing optimism that the partnerships would expand bilateral business relations and deliver economic benefits to both countries.

“Today we are witnessing a very historical moment for this year. We have two companies who are having signing ceremony, the MOU, a business contract with their counterpart in Indonesia. So, the amount reached in total 10 million USD or 5 million USD each,” the ambassador said.

He explained that the agreements covered the dental equipment and pharmaceutical sectors, describing them as important areas with significant implications for public welfare.

The ambassador urged Indonesian businesses to look beyond commercial trading and explore investment opportunities in Nigeria, noting that some Indonesian companies already operating in the country had demonstrated the benefits of long-term business engagement.

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“I mentioned that there are now some Indonesian companies operating in Nigeria. So, they are a good example. For so many years, they have been doing business in Nigeria, creating job opportunities for the locals and also absorb the local resources that can be produced in their factory and bring, of course, for the benefit of Nigeria as well,” he said.

Suharto encouraged Nigerian companies to invest in Indonesia, highlighting the countries’ large populations, available human resources and investment potential.

“We have 280 million people and Nigeria has 230 million people. In both countries, we have a demographic bonus. So, we have also attractive manpower, which is good for investment,” he said.

He added that Indonesia remained open to Nigerian businesses seeking opportunities in its market.

One of the Nigerian investors who signed an agreement, Ralph-Michael Simon-Michael of Irad Investment Limited, said his company had partnered with Indonesian firm PT Winn Appliance to introduce domestic gas appliances into the Nigerian market.

Simon-Michael, whose company is headquartered in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, said the partnership was aimed at making the products accessible to ordinary Nigerians through established distribution channels.

“So, we’re based in Port Harcourt, our headquarters. So, we’re an oil and gas servicing company. We’ve come to Indonesia to partner with a company called Win Appliances. So, we’re going to be bringing gas, domestic appliances into Nigeria,” he said.

He explained that the products would be targeted at everyday consumers and distributed nationwide through established retail outlets and cash-and-carry distributors.

“The appliances that we’re bringing are for domestic use, for the everyday consumer. So, the everyday man can essentially afford these appliances that we’re bringing in,” he said.

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Simon-Michael named Shoprite, Next cash-and-carry distributors among other outlets, through which he said the products would be distributed across Nigeria.

He said the company’s long-term plan was to establish a factory in Indonesia, and expand its operations into other African countries.

The investment agreements also formed part of broader efforts to deepen trade relations between Nigeria and Indonesia, according to Sheye Oyetade, Executive Director of Invest Nigeria, who said the Nigerian delegation was working to translate existing cooperation agreements into practical business opportunities.

Oyetade said the delegation’s participation was linked to the memorandum of understanding between Invest Nigeria and the Developing Eight (D-8) countries, a grouping of countries that includes Nigeria and Indonesia.

“We actually came to service our Memorandum of Understanding with D8 to make sure that trade is actually seamless between Nigeria and Indonesia,” he said.

He added that economic reforms in Nigeria had created opportunities for cross-border trade and investment, while the country’s growing population offered businesses access to a large consumer market.

“The signing of the MOU is key, simply because, whether you like it or not, Africa is becoming the major darling of the world in terms of the market,” Oyetade said.

He projected that Nigeria’s population would rise to about 400 million by 2050, arguing that the expansion would increase its importance as a destination for investment and consumer goods.

“So, where the people are, there the market is. So, that’s exactly what we are doing here today,” he said.

The agreements are expected to strengthen commercial links between businesses in both countries, with participants expressing hope that the partnerships would encourage further investment, job creation and the exchange of products and expertise.

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Source: punchng.com

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FG, NLC clash over minimum wage talks

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The Federal Government and the Nigeria Labour Congress have disagreed over when negotiations for a new national minimum wage should begin, with organised labour challenging the government’s interpretation of the law and demanding that preparations commence immediately.

The disagreement followed an exchange of letters between the Minister of Labour and Employment, Dr Muhammad Dingyadi, and NLC President, Joe Ajaero, over the timetable for reviewing the N70,000 minimum wage signed into law in July 2024.

In a letter dated 13 October, 2026, Ajaero rejected the government’s position that a fresh review would be premature, arguing that the statutory timetable under the original National Minimum Wage Act, 2019, remained relevant despite the 2024 amendment.

He said the government should begin the process by calling for nominations and inaugurating the National Minimum Wage Tripartite Committee, which brings together the government, organised labour and employers.

“The time is now. The appropriate time is now,” Ajaero wrote in the letter shared on Thursday, arguing that delaying the process would worsen the hardship facing Nigerian workers.

His response came a day after Dingyadi, in a letter dated October 12, acknowledged receipt of a communique issued after a joint meeting of the NLC’s Central Working Committee and National Executive Council.

The minister said the current minimum wage would become due for review on 1 June, 2027, and argued that commencing another review barely two years after the implementation of the N70,000 wage would be premature and disruptive to industrial relations.

The latest exchange comes amid growing pressure from the labour movement over the rising cost of living and the erosion of workers’ purchasing power.

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In an Independence Day statement on 1 October, the country’s biggest labour union demanded an immediate reduction in petrol prices, a nationwide wage award and the commencement of negotiations for a new national minimum wage. The statement, signed by Ajaero and titled “Our Hope Depends on the Choices We Make and the Actions We Take”, linked rising transportation, food, rent and education costs to the declining value of workers’ earnings.

Workers also called for the implementation of tax relief measures agreed upon with the government in October 2023, arguing that the union should not continue to bear the burden of rising living costs without additional support.

The NLC demanded that petrol prices be reduced to the levels prevailing when the current minimum wage was signed into law in 2024, negotiations for a new wage begin before the end of October, and outstanding agreements with health and public sector workers be implemented.

It warned that failure to meet the demands within the stipulated period would compel it to take further action as directed by its relevant organs.

Against this backdrop, the minister’s October 12 letter rejected the call for an immediate review, prompting Ajaero’s response the following day.

The NLC president argued that the 2019 law, signed on 18 April of that year, had envisaged a review by April 2024. He said the 2024 amendment did not erase that original timetable, adding that a new wage should take effect by 17 April, 2027, under the timeline advanced by the union.

He said negotiations should begin at least six months before the relevant deadline to allow time for preparatory steps and avoid the accumulation of arrears. On that basis, the NLC said the process should commence by 17 October, 2026.

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The union maintained that it was not asking the government to implement a new wage immediately but to begin the administrative and negotiation process required to reach an agreement.

Dingyadi, however, said the National Minimum Wage Act, 2019, as amended by the National Minimum Wage (Amendment) Act, 2024, provided for a review every three years.

Source: punchng.com

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Fani-Kayode defends Obasanjo over Nigeria Airways liquidation, read details

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A former Minister of Aviation, Femi Fani-Kayode, has defended former President Olusegun Obasanjo over the liquidation of Nigeria Airways, insisting that the airline’s collapse resulted from years of mismanagement, corruption and mounting debts before Obasanjo returned to power in 1999.

Fani-Kayode, who served as the Minister of Aviation in 2006, said Obasanjo inherited a virtually collapsed airline and had little choice but to liquidate it in 2004.

He stated this in a post on his X account on Thursday while responding to the Minister of Aviation and Aerospace Development, Festus Keyamo, who had earlier accused former Vice-President Atiku Abubakar of hypocrisy over his comments on Nigeria’s economic hardship and insecurity.

In a post published on Wednesday, Keyamo accused the administration in which Atiku served as vice-president of liquidating Nigeria Airways in September 2004, leaving thousands of workers without jobs and their pensions and gratuities unpaid.

The minister said the outstanding entitlements had remained unresolved for years, claiming that some former workers died while waiting for their benefits.

He added that President Bola Tinubu had approved and released N36bn to settle the outstanding obligations, with beneficiaries already receiving payment alerts.

Keyamo also accused Atiku of taking credit for the achievements of the Obasanjo administration when convenient while distancing himself from controversial decisions.

Responding to the debate, Fani-Kayode said it was unfair to blame Obasanjo for the airline’s collapse, arguing that its decline had begun long before his return to office.

“In fairness to President Obasanjo the Nigeria Airways ‘mess’, as you have described it, was established before he came back to power in 1999.

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“And it was indeed a mess but it was not of Obasanjo’s making!

“He met it there after he was sworn in and what he found broke his heart,” Fani-Kayode wrote.

He recalled that when Obasanjo left office as military Head of State in 1979, Nigeria Airways had 32 functional aircraft, experienced pilots and crew members, a first-class management team and an accountable board of directors.

He described the airline at the time as “the pride of the nation”.

However, Fani-Kayode said the situation had deteriorated considerably by 1999, when Obasanjo returned as a civilian president.

“By the time Obasanjo came back to power in 1999, 20 years later, there was only one plane left and it was not functional.

“The rest had vanished together with virtually all of the company’s assets,” he said.

According to him, successive management teams and boards contributed to the airline’s decline through corruption and mismanagement between 1979 and 1999.

He said the company’s liquidation followed chronic insolvency, operational collapse and unsuccessful attempts to revive its operations, including privatisation advice from the International Finance Corporation, which later withdrew.

Fani-Kayode maintained that the Obasanjo administration was justified in refusing to continue providing public funds to the struggling airline.

“This is why Obasanjo liquidated it in 2004 and I believe that he had no choice,” he said.

“There was nothing left to save even though it was a painful decision given the fact that he was one of those that had done so much for that company when he was Military Head of State.”

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The former minister said the payment of outstanding pensions became a major issue following the liquidation.

He recalled that a committee chaired by the then Head of Service of the Federation, Yayale Ahmed, recommended that funds be released to pay the pensioners.

Fani-Kayode said he subsequently presented a memo to the Federal Executive Council in 2006, advocating the payment of the outstanding entitlements.

However, he said the proposal was rejected because some cabinet members believed former management teams and board members were responsible for the airline’s destruction and did not deserve pensions.

“I did not share that view but sadly I and those that supported me were in a minority and we lost the debate,” he said.

He added that the matter was revisited under the administration of the late President Umaru Yar’Adua, which paid most of the pensioners, while the administration of former President Muhammadu Buhari also made payments.

Fani-Kayode commended Keyamo for ensuring that the remaining pension obligations were settled under the Tinubu administration.

“It is gratifying that under your leadership the remainder of the pensions have been paid. I only wish we had done that when we were in office,” he wrote.

“The pensioners suffered immensely over the years. I have always maintained that paying them was the right thing to do.”

He also referred to Atiku’s position during the Federal Executive Council deliberations on the pension payments but declined to disclose details of the former vice-president’s stance.

“As for His Excellency Waziri @atiku I know what side of the divide he was during that debate in council but I will not share that publicly because whatever decision was finally taken was a collective one,” he said.

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Fani-Kayode added that members of the administration collectively bore responsibility for the decision and its consequences.

He concluded by commending Keyamo for completing the payment of the outstanding entitlements owed to former Nigeria Airways workers.

Source: punchng.com

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