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Malcolm X’s Visit to Nigeria: The Homecoming of “Omowale”

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How the 1964 visit of Malcolm X to Nigeria deepened his connection to Africa and shaped his global vision of justice

In May 1964, one of the most influential figures of the 20th century, Malcolm X, set foot on Nigerian soil during a transformative journey across Africa and the Middle East. His visit was more than a diplomatic or cultural exchange — it was a spiritual homecoming, one that forged an enduring bond between the African-American struggle and the African continent.

The African Pilgrimage

Having recently left the Nation of Islam, Malcolm X embarked on a global tour that took him through Egypt, Ghana, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and several other nations. This journey marked the rebirth of his worldview — from one rooted in racial separatism to a more inclusive call for global human rights.

Arriving from Egypt on May 6, 1964, Malcolm X was welcomed warmly in Nigeria. His presence captured the imagination of many students and intellectuals who saw him as a symbol of Black pride and resistance.

During his stay, he visited the University of Ibadan, where he addressed students about African unity, racial identity, and liberation. It was here that he was bestowed the Yoruba name “Omowale,” meaning “the child has returned home.”

Malcolm later recalled the moment with deep emotion:

> “When I was in Ibadan at the University of Ibadan last Friday night, the students there gave me a new name, Omowale, which they say means in Yoruba ‘The child has returned.’ It was an honor.”

The gesture resonated deeply with him — it symbolised his reconnection with the continent from which his ancestors had been torn centuries earlier.

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Encounters in Nigeria

Photographs from the visit show Malcolm X interacting with Nigerian students and intellectuals, including Iyabo Attah (left) and Ronke Ademola (right). The warmth of his reception and the intellectual exchange he experienced in Nigeria profoundly influenced his thinking.

At the University of Ibadan, Malcolm’s discussions revolved around pan-Africanism, the importance of solidarity between Africans and the African diaspora, and the need for unity in the fight against oppression.

His Nigerian hosts admired his fearlessness and eloquence, while he admired their pride in African identity and their commitment to independence and progress. The meeting between Malcolm and Nigerian students became a symbolic bridge linking African and African-American struggles for dignity and equality.

A Shift in Vision

Before his trip, Malcolm X’s activism had largely been framed within the context of Black nationalism in America. However, his experiences in Africa — particularly in Nigeria — reshaped his philosophy.

He began to see racism not as an isolated American issue but as part of a global system of oppression. Nigeria’s newly independent society, full of optimism and self-determination, inspired him to imagine a future where Africans and African descendants worldwide could stand united in political and spiritual strength.

Following his visit to Africa and his pilgrimage to Mecca, Malcolm embraced Sunni Islam and adopted the name El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz. His message evolved to emphasise universal human rights, global justice, and solidarity among oppressed peoples.

Legacy of “Omowale”

Malcolm X’s visit to Nigeria remains one of the most historically significant connections between African-Americans and Nigeria. The name Omowale became not just a title but a symbol of return, reconciliation, and belonging.

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In the years that followed, his life and assassination in 1965 inspired many Nigerian intellectuals, writers, and activists who viewed him as a brother whose journey completed the spiritual circle of the African diaspora.

Today, Malcolm X’s legacy continues to live in Nigeria — in classrooms, among civil rights advocates, and within the shared narrative of global Black identity. His 1964 visit stands as a timeless reminder that Africa is not only a geographical origin but a spiritual home for its scattered children.

References

ANTe Archives

The Autobiography of Malcolm X, as told to Alex Haley.

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“I crossed Seme border on foot”, Dele Momodu recalls exile ordeal

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CEO and publisher of Ovation International Magazine, Dele Momodu, has given an account of his flight from Nigeria during the Sani Abacha military era.

He described crossing into Cotonou on foot in the early hours of the morning and weeping twice, once leaving his infant son behind, and again upon arriving in Benin Republic with no certainty of survival.

Momodu spoke on Morayo Afolabi-Brown’s programme, the Morayo Show on Wednesday, reflecting on what the experience cost him and what it ultimately produced.

He said his first son was less than a year old and lying beside his wife when he left, and that the weight of the moment was almost unbearable.

“The morning I was leaving, my first son was less than one year old. He was just lying beside my wife and I was looking at this innocent child and I was crying,” Momodu said.

He said he then made his way across the border alone and on foot, with no guarantee of what awaited him.

“I travelled by foot through the Seme border into Cotonou very early in the morning,” he said.

The grief did not stop there. He said arriving in Cotonou brought a fresh wave of uncertainty rather than relief.

“When I got to Cotonou, I started crying again because I wasn’t sure, where am I going? When will I get there? Will I get there? When will I come back? Will I come alive?

“I had this stream of consciousness, as we put it in literature, and it was just going through my mind,” Momodu said.

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He said the exile, which lasted from 1995 to 1998, had ultimately shaped everything that followed, including the founding of Ovation magazine and his decades of involvement in Nigerian public life.

“If I had not gone on that journey, there will be no Ovation today,” he said.

Momodu, who holds a bachelor’s degree in Yoruba and a master’s degree in English literature from Obafemi Awolowo University, said he drew on that period whenever people questioned his commitment to Nigeria’s democratic project.

He noted that he had shared the exile experience with Tinubu, the same man he now opposed in the political arena, but that the ordeal had not softened his conviction that Nigeria needed genuine opposition.

“I was in exile from 1995 to 1998 and I know what we went through. But I refused to join APC only for one reason, we must maintain that democracy which we suffered for,” he said.

Momodu added that hardship was not new to him, disclosing that he lost his father at 13 and began working odd jobs and teaching in his village before eventually rising to national prominence.

“That’s how I rose to where I am today,” he said.

Momodu had fled Nigeria on 22 July 1995, after his wife received a tip-off that security operatives were looking for him.

He had been accused of being one of the brains behind Radio Freedom, a pirate radio station that later became Radio Kudirat.

The accusation was tied to his open support for MKO Abiola, the presumed winner of the annulled June 12, 1993 presidential election, and his pro-democracy activities under the Abacha regime.

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From Cotonou, he made his way through Togo and Ghana before eventually reaching the United Kingdom, where he remained for three years.

While in London, he collaborated with fellow NADECO exiles including Bola Tinubu, working to publicise the regime’s human rights abuses and advance the cause of restoring civilian rule. It was during this period, in April 1996, that he founded Ovation International.

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Guinness World Record reacts to BBNaija Queen’s bread-inspired outfit at the 12th AMVCA

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Former Big Brother Naija housemate, Queen Mercy Atang, may be heading for a global record conversation after Guinness World Records reacted to her viral bread-inspired outfit worn at the 12th edition of the Africa Magic Viewers’ Choice Awards.

In a video shared on her Instagram page on Sunday, Guinness World Records reacted in the comment section saying, “Well, we do have a record for the largest cake dress … hmmm.”

Former Big Brother Naija Housemate, Queen Atang in her bread outfit at the 12th edition of AMVCA in Lagos…Photo Credit: Ig/ QueenMercyAtang

Reacting to the comment, the reality star wrote, “Hello @guinnessworldrecords, I see you in the comment section”

The development has further amplified conversations around her unconventional AMVCA appearance, which has continued to dominate social media and fashion discussions days after the event.

According to Guinness World Records, the current record for the world’s largest wearable cake dress stands at 131.15kg (289lb 13oz).

The record was achieved by Natasha Coline Kim Fah Lee Fokas of SweetyCakes GmbH in Bern, Switzerland, on January 15, 2023.

Former Big Brother Naija Housemate, Queen Atang in her bread outfit at the 12th edition of AMVCA in Lagos…Photo Credit: Ig/ QueenMercyAtang

Queen’s bread-themed costume had earlier sparked widespread reactions online after she appeared on the AMVCA red carpet dressed in an outfit designed to resemble loaves of bread, complete with a matching prop.

Explaining the inspiration behind the look, Queen said the outfit reflected her entrepreneurial journey in the food business.

“AMVCA 2026 ready. I come as an entrepreneur who runs a bread EMPIRE,” she wrote at the time, referencing her bakery brand.

Former Big Brother Naija Housemate, Queen Atang in her bread outfit at the 12th edition of AMVCA in Lagos…Photo Credit: Ig/ QueenMercyAtang

On Monday, the reality star also proposed the introduction of a special entrepreneurs-focused event at the AMVCA.

In an open letter addressed to MultiChoice Group and Africa Magic, she wrote, “Just a thought, since we already have the AMVCA Cultural Day and other special events before the main award night, would it be possible to create a special night dedicated to entrepreneurs in Nigeria to showcase their brands, creativity, and impact?

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“Imagine AMVCA Nigerian Entrepreneurs Night. Massive, classy, and inspiring.”

The bread dress has since attracted international attention, with foreign fashion influencers and media platforms reportedly discussing the concept.

Former Big Brother Naija Housemate, Queen Atang in her bread outfit at the 12th edition of AMVCA in Lagos…Photo Credit: Ig/ QueenMercyAtang

The trend has also inspired several entrepreneurs online, many of whom have used AI-generated designs to recreate brand-themed outfits and AMVCA-inspired fashion concepts.

While some Nigerians criticised the outfit as excessive, others, including PR and branding experts, described it as a strategic marketing move that successfully drew global attention to her business.

PUNCH Online had earlier reported that Queen’s appearance at the AMVCA generated mixed reactions, with videos from the red carpet showing her adjusting the elaborate outfit while interacting with guests and posing for photographs.

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Olubadan seeks integration of traditional medicine with modern healthcare

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The Olubadan of Ibadanland, Oba Rashidi Ladoja on Wednesday advocated the integration of traditional medicine with orthodox healthcare to improve healthcare delivery and preserve indigenous medical knowledge.

The monarch made the call while receiving executive members of the Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria, Oyo State branch, at the Olubadan Palace.

According to a statement issued by his Chief Press Secretary, Gbenga Ayoade, the Olubadan said traditional medicine remained effective, accessible and affordable for many Nigerians.

“I believe in the efficacy of traditional medicine, its accessibility and affordability. So, let me use this period to advocate for the integration of traditional medicine with modern medicine for the enhancement of virile healthcare delivery before the exit of the traditional medical practitioners,” the monarch said.

Earlier, the Chairman of the Oyo State branch of the PSN, Segun Ajanaku, said the delegation visited the palace to congratulate the monarch on his ascension to the throne and to appreciate him for achievements recorded within a short period of his reign.

Ajanaku also informed the monarch about the completion of a pharmacists’ story building in Ibadan, which he described as the first of its kind in Nigeria.

“We respectfully invite Your Imperial Majesty to the inauguration of the building on May 21, 2026,” he said.

He further sought the monarch’s approval for the association to organise its annual medical outreach at the palace on September 25, 2026.

Dignitaries present at the event included the Oba Kolawole Adegbola, Oba Mobolaji Adewoyin, and the Muibi Ademola, among other traditional title holders.

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